Week 2 Questions
Edit after feedback in red
1. It is hypothesised that
year 11 students who have not been sleep deprived will likely be faster at copying a pasage in one minute, compared to year 11 students that have been sleep deprived.
*edit: realised i didn't write year 11 students thanks sarangiya!
It is hypothesised that year 11 students that have not been sleep deprived will copy more words from a written passage, compared to year 11 students thart have been sleep deprived2. IV: The amount of sleep the students had: sleeping for 8-9 hours , compared to having total sleep deprivation (no sleep at all).
IV: amount of sleep, sleeping for a night, compared to being totally sleep deprived DV: Cognitive ability, as measured by the amount of words coppied from a passage in one minute.
3. The mean and median are both statistical measures of central tendency, however the mean describes, the arithmetical average of a set of numerical values, this is done by dividing the sum of all data values by the total number of data values, wheras the median is middle data value within a set of data, which is founf by finding the middle value when all the numbers are in order. The mean's strength over the median, is that it takes all of the values into account , however the median's stength over the mean is that it is not affected by outliers.
4. Random Sampling
5.
- Order effects: Because a repeated measures research design was used, the participants behaviour may have been impaired or improved due to the order in which they undertook the experiment, this may have effected the validity of the results, as the change in the dependent variable may have been due to the possibility that the participants had lost motivation because of doing the same task again, or the results may have been better than what they could have been, because they were exposed to the same passage again.
-Because the task they were undertaking was simple task that did not require a high level of awareness, it may not have been the most appropritate measure of the effects of total sleep deprivation, as monotonous tasks are often less affected than controlled process in terms of total sleep deprivation.
Gahahaha^ wow need to revise that.
Another limitation may be the ethical breech on informed consent, because the participants were under the age of 18, consent had to be obtained from their parents or guardians. -thanks saringiya and carolinsale-17-
6.
-Use of counterbalancing, to control for the potential order effects that may affect the study.
-Use of a measure of variability when organising raw data, rather than using two measures of central tendency, e.g including the standard deviation in order to depict the spread and variation of the data (from the mean.)
-Collecting qualitative data, along with quantitive data, so the psychological effects of sleep deprivation can be examined in detail this can be through an interview or questionaire.7. No Harm Principle: Because participants were required to be deprived of sleep, this may have breeched the no harm principle because it may have caused the participants, mental or physical fatigue, or left them potentially vulnerable to developing a sleep disorder/problem.
[color=red No Harm Principle: Because participants were required to be temporarily deprived of sleep, this may have breeched the no harm principle because they may have experienced theshort term impacts of sleep deprivation, such as fatigue, difficulty maintaining focus throughout the day and irritability ][/color]
8. No, because the sample may not have been representitive of the population "year 11 students", because the use of random sampling still means the experiment is suseptible to participant related differences that may impact the results and therefore the generalisability of the study.
No, because the sample is representitive of the population year 11 students attending Zac's school, and therefore cannot be generalised to all year 11 students. Thanks carolinsale-17! I never picked up on that! 9. The results, support the notion that staying awake all night before a test will impair students ability to answer the test questions to the best of their ability, and under the time constraints of the test. However, because the conclusion cannot be genralised, a conclusion cannot be implied to this scenario based on the results, despite it being supported.
The notion that staying awake all night before a test will result in impaied ability to answer questions is supported by the findings of Zac's study. However, because the conclusion of the study can only be generalised to the population: Year 11 Students at Zac's school, this conclusion cannot be implied to a different scenario that involves simillar, but still different conditions and a different population, which would mean extrapollating which is an unreliable method of forming conclusions. 10. Despite Zac's use of a fairly large sample, and a simple methodology, it cannot be stated that the the reproduction of this experiment will consistently lead to the same or simillar results, because the assesment of reliability is dependent on the statistical significance of the experiment, because there is nothing to indicate that the results are statistically significant, and therefore have not been affcted by chance, this experiment cannot be considered reliable.
There is nothing to indicate that the replication of Zac's experiment will produce the same/simillar results, therefore there is nothing to indicate the experiment is reliable Thanks Miniturtle for the feedback, its very useful! My teacher has told me the same thing before hahaha :/ Also thanks to sarangiya and carolinsale-17 I used some of your answers to help when edititing