I'm pretty sure its allowed.
Thanks in advance,
-jinx_58
Evidence 1:
The above graphs show the individual predicted concentrations of the metabolites of lidocaine against the observed concentration in nanomolars (nM). The observed concentrations were retrieved from 50 µL blood plasma samples of a rat, in solutions consisting of 0.3% lidocaine. A trend observed was, there are no observed concentrations of GX between 0nM and 1nM, as it is a derivative of MEGX. In the graph showing the concentrations of MEGX (monoethylglycinexylidide), the smallest concentration is around 0.07nM, whereas the largest concentration is around 6000nM. In the graph showing the concentrations of GX (glycylxylidide), the smallest concentration is approximately 0.085nM and the largest concentration is around 4000nM. This shows that MEGX has a greater concentration in the blood than GX. As GX was not used up fully, it can be inferred that GX was used as a blocker, in which it blocks signals from the pain receptor signals to the brain. MEGX fully metabolises lidocaine in the blood as it has a greater concentration. The effectiveness of an anaesthetic is determined by the length of time it takes for the drug to breakdown or diffuse away. This breakdown is signalled by high metabolite concentration. As the concentration of MEGX was relatively high, lidocaine can be considered an effective local anaesthetic. Therefore, understanding the metabolites of lidocaine show the effectiveness of its anaesthetic properties.
Evidence 2:
Evidence 3 depicts a table showing the concentrations of lidocaine and its metabolite, MEGX in the blood plasma of cows (bovine), horses, dogs, pigs (swine), sheep and birds (avian). The serum of 10 cows were analysed, and there was generally a larger concentration of MEGX – 108 ± 9 ng/mL - than lidocaine, which was 97 ± 5 ng/mL. Similarly, from serum of the 5 horses that were analysed, the concentration of MEGX was 105 ± 11 ng/mL, larger than lidocaine, 99 ± 2 ng/mL. Furthermore, from the dog serum analyzation of 5 dogs, the concentration of lidocaine was comparatively significantly lower, 100 ± 1 ng/mL, than MEGX, at 113 ± 3 ng/mL. The swine serum had similar concentrations of lidocaine and MEGX concentrations of 100 ± 1 ng/mL and 100 ± 7 ng/mL, respectively. The sheep serum consisted of 100 ± 2 ng/mL of lidocaine and 104 ± 9 ng/mL of MEGX. Moreover, from the blood plasma samples of 5 avian, there was MEGX concentration of 102 ± 6 ng/mL and a lidocaine concentration of 98 ± 2 ng/mL. From the serums and blood plasma samples of these 6 animals, it can be concluded that MEGX had a greater concentration than lidocaine. This showed that lidocaine can be considered an effective local anaesthetic. Hence, the effectiveness of lidocaine’s anaesthetic properties can be shown through understanding the metabolites of lidocaine.