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VCE Stuff => VCE Science => VCE Mathematics/Science/Technology => VCE Subjects + Help => VCE Psychology => Topic started by: studying_hard on October 12, 2010, 09:59:19 pm

Title: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 12, 2010, 09:59:19 pm
Can't remember which one it was but help will be appreciated

Research into the effects of ageing on memory has shown
A processing speed in STM is reduced due to increased efficiency of the nervous system.
B processing speed in LTM is reduced due to reduced efficiency of the nervous system.
C there is no difference in processing speed for different types of task.
D complex tasks such as manipulating various types of information is often more difficult
for elderly people.

Which schedule of reinforcement results in the slowest extinction of a learned behaviour?
A fixed ratio
B variable ratio
C variable interval
D fixed interval
Thanks
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 12, 2010, 10:05:18 pm
Can't remember which one it was but help will be appreciated

Research into the effects of ageing on memory has shown
A processing speed in STM is reduced due to increased efficiency of the nervous system.
B processing speed in LTM is reduced due to reduced efficiency of the nervous system.
C there is no difference in processing speed for different types of task.
D complex tasks such as manipulating various types of information is often more difficult
for elderly people.

Which schedule of reinforcement results in the slowest extinction of a learned behaviour?
A fixed ratio
B variable ratio
C variable interval
D fixed interval
Thanks

hey man
these actually seem to be difficult questions.

for the first one
i would lean towards answer D.
since , complex tasks using the brain would possibly be less efficent as with ageing , as the central nervous system slows down.

however im not 100% sure
would actually be good to get some other peoples imput.


question 2.
Im pretty sure its variable interval.
for e.g fishing
when you go fishing. ... your gonna keep fishing all day .. even though you know that it might not happen.
the response is quite resistant to extinction.

some 1 please correct me if im wrong on anything.
cheers.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 12, 2010, 10:09:01 pm
Can't remember which one it was but help will be appreciated

Research into the effects of ageing on memory has shown
A processing speed in STM is reduced due to increased efficiency of the nervous system.
B processing speed in LTM is reduced due to reduced efficiency of the nervous system.
C there is no difference in processing speed for different types of task.
D complex tasks such as manipulating various types of information is often more difficult
for elderly people.

Which schedule of reinforcement results in the slowest extinction of a learned behaviour?
A fixed ratio
B variable ratio
C variable interval
D fixed interval
Thanks

hey man
these actually seem to be difficult questions.

for the first one
i would lean towards answer D.
since , complex tasks using the brain would possibly be less efficent as with ageing , as the central nervous system slows down.

however im not 100% sure
would actually be good to get some other peoples imput.


question 2.
Im pretty sure its variable interval.
for e.g fishing
when you go fishing. ... your gonna keep fishing all day .. even though you know that it might not happen.
the response is quite resistant to extinction.

some 1 please correct me if im wrong on anything.
cheers.
i checked they are from tssm 2008. i got D for the first one but it is B. For the seccond one I got B but its C. Although for Q2 it was 50/50 to which way I would go
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 12, 2010, 10:13:36 pm
Can't remember which one it was but help will be appreciated

Research into the effects of ageing on memory has shown
A processing speed in STM is reduced due to increased efficiency of the nervous system.
B processing speed in LTM is reduced due to reduced efficiency of the nervous system.
C there is no difference in processing speed for different types of task.
D complex tasks such as manipulating various types of information is often more difficult
for elderly people.

Which schedule of reinforcement results in the slowest extinction of a learned behaviour?
A fixed ratio
B variable ratio
C variable interval
D fixed interval
Thanks

hey man
these actually seem to be difficult questions.

for the first one
i would lean towards answer D.
since , complex tasks using the brain would possibly be less efficent as with ageing , as the central nervous system slows down.

however im not 100% sure
would actually be good to get some other peoples imput.


question 2.
Im pretty sure its variable interval.
for e.g fishing
when you go fishing. ... your gonna keep fishing all day .. even though you know that it might not happen.
the response is quite resistant to extinction.

some 1 please correct me if im wrong on anything.
cheers.
i checked they are from tssm 2008. i got D for the first one but it is B. For the seccond one I got B but its C. Although for Q2 it was 50/50 to which way I would go

ok , well i was wrong with q1.
but was right with 2.

ok lemme try explain my theory on the answers a little more .

question1.
the slowing of the nervous system means that tasks cannot be performed as well.
however , usually memory loss in older people is the memory loss in episodic memories.
episodic memories are apart of long term memory.

the retrieval process is slowed down .. due to the declining nervous system
HOWEVER
i still would like some 1 to tell me why the answer cannot be D.... it seems logical to me?


as for question2.
its in the gravias textbook page 470
there is a graph which shows rates of learning and in turn , extinction rate.

the various interval is the slowest .. but it has the HIGHEST resistance to extinction

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 12, 2010, 10:18:52 pm
Can't remember which one it was but help will be appreciated

Research into the effects of ageing on memory has shown
A processing speed in STM is reduced due to increased efficiency of the nervous system.
B processing speed in LTM is reduced due to reduced efficiency of the nervous system.
C there is no difference in processing speed for different types of task.
D complex tasks such as manipulating various types of information is often more difficult
for elderly people.

Which schedule of reinforcement results in the slowest extinction of a learned behaviour?
A fixed ratio
B variable ratio
C variable interval
D fixed interval
Thanks

hey man
these actually seem to be difficult questions.

for the first one
i would lean towards answer D.
since , complex tasks using the brain would possibly be less efficent as with ageing , as the central nervous system slows down.

however im not 100% sure
would actually be good to get some other peoples imput.


question 2.
Im pretty sure its variable interval.
for e.g fishing
when you go fishing. ... your gonna keep fishing all day .. even though you know that it might not happen.
the response is quite resistant to extinction.

some 1 please correct me if im wrong on anything.
cheers.
i checked they are from tssm 2008. i got D for the first one but it is B. For the seccond one I got B but its C. Although for Q2 it was 50/50 to which way I would go

ok , well i was wrong with q1.
but was right with 2.

ok lemme try explain my theory on the answers a little more .

question1.
the slowing of the nervous system means that tasks cannot be performed as well.
however , usually memory loss in older people is the memory loss in episodic memories.
episodic memories are apart of long term memory.

the retrieval process is slowed down .. due to the declining nervous system
HOWEVER
i still would like some 1 to tell me why the answer cannot be D.... it seems logical to me?


as for question2.
its in the gravias textbook page 470
there is a graph which shows rates of learning and in turn , extinction rate.

the various interval is the slowest .. but it has the HIGHEST resistance to extinction


kk thanks. I understand Q2 now I think. But I though I was correct with Q1. I have in my notes that the speed of processing declines in STM not LTM so I though d) was logical. It is definatly not A or C but I'm with you in not understanding why D isn't correct
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 12, 2010, 10:21:02 pm
ill ask my teacher tomorrow and let you know what he says btw.

:)

hope that helps ma friend :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 12, 2010, 10:23:06 pm
ill ask my teacher tomorrow and let you know what he says btw.

:)

hope that helps ma friend :)
thnaks. is your teacher a good one? private school?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 12, 2010, 10:28:01 pm
regarding question 1... does LTM actually process information? I thought it was just stored it. I also thought the first one was D as that's in the grivas textbook
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 12, 2010, 10:29:59 pm
regarding question 1... does LTM actually process information? I thought it was just stored it. I also thought the first one was D as that's in the grivas textbook

yeah your right
its not long term memory which process information
its for storage

working memory is for manipulation ( processing) of information.

so i cannot see why D is wrong and B is right?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 12, 2010, 10:37:00 pm
I agree that question 1 should be D. But for question 2 I've done a bit of research and it's made it a bit more confusing:

This website says "variable ratio is the most resistant to extinction"

http://www.allsands.com/health/alternative/reinforcements_xbz_gn.htm

And wikipedia says "The variable ratio schedule produces both the highest rate of responding and the greatest resistance to extinction (for example, the behavior of gamblers at slot machines)"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement (scroll down to the effects of different types of simple schedules)

But it might be that variable interval is just the slowest to extinguish learnt behaviour? I'll ask my teacher (have to wait till she gets back on monday though) cos there are so many different opinions. It's hard to figure out what vcaa actually wants. Matt can you ask your teacher too cos they seem to know what they're doing.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 12, 2010, 10:41:26 pm
I thought variable interval had the highest resistance to extinction as it's less predictable than a variable ratio schedule.

also I don't think the gambling example should be used as a reason why the extinction is longer. i'm sure there are plenty of variable ratio schedules that would be quite easily extinguished (don't ask me for an example, it's too late at night :( )
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 12, 2010, 10:48:16 pm
I thought variable interval had the highest resistance to extinction as it's less predictable than a variable ratio schedule.

also I don't think the gambling example should be used as a reason why the extinction is longer. i'm sure there are plenty of variable ratio schedules that would be quite easily extinguished (don't ask me for an example, it's too late at night :( )

i do agree with you.
im pretty sure that variable intervel has the highest resistance to extinction

p.s gambling slot macchines arnt only variable ratio
they are a combination of variable ratio and interval.

think about it
you might get a jackpot after a specific number of attempts
but hundreds of players might go on it at different times of the day
at the same time
it could be at a variable time.
therefore
i think it would be a combination of both.
or else mathematicians all over the world could predict approx after how many attempts it will happen .. or on average how many attempts.
however most mathematicians these days with the new slots have trouble

... back onto topic

im fairly sure variable interval has the highest resistance to extinction.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 12, 2010, 10:51:10 pm
I thought variable interval had the highest resistance to extinction as it's less predictable than a variable ratio schedule.

also I don't think the gambling example should be used as a reason why the extinction is longer. i'm sure there are plenty of variable ratio schedules that would be quite easily extinguished (don't ask me for an example, it's too late at night :( )
I didn't choose that example it's straight off wiki.. It's confusing cos different sources say different things..Have to just ask the assessors, they're probably the only ones who could give a straight answer. There's a big possibility it's variable interval, I've seen plenty of sources say this is the least resistant too,  but I don't wanna ignore the information saying variable ratio could be too.. Can somebody ask their teacher? Mine isn't gonna be at school till late next week and I don't wanna wait that long.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 12, 2010, 10:52:54 pm
I thought variable interval had the highest resistance to extinction as it's less predictable than a variable ratio schedule.

also I don't think the gambling example should be used as a reason why the extinction is longer. i'm sure there are plenty of variable ratio schedules that would be quite easily extinguished (don't ask me for an example, it's too late at night :( )
I didn't choose that example it's straight off wiki.. It's confusing cos different sources say different things..Have to just ask the assessors, they're probably the only ones who could give a straight answer. There's a big possibility it's variable interval, I've seen plenty of sources say this is the least resistant too,  but I don't wanna ignore the information saying variable ratio could be too.. Can somebody ask their teacher? Mine isn't gonna be at school till late next week and I don't wanna wait that long.

yeah mine will be there tommorow or the day after
ill ask
:)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 12, 2010, 10:55:43 pm
I thought variable interval had the highest resistance to extinction as it's less predictable than a variable ratio schedule.

also I don't think the gambling example should be used as a reason why the extinction is longer. i'm sure there are plenty of variable ratio schedules that would be quite easily extinguished (don't ask me for an example, it's too late at night :( )
I didn't choose that example it's straight off wiki.. It's confusing cos different sources say different things..Have to just ask the assessors, they're probably the only ones who could give a straight answer. There's a big possibility it's variable interval, I've seen plenty of sources say this is the least resistant too,  but I don't wanna ignore the information saying variable ratio could be too.. Can somebody ask their teacher? Mine isn't gonna be at school till late next week and I don't wanna wait that long.

yeah mine will be there tommorow or the day after
ill ask
:)
Cheers. Just my luck eh? My only good teacher has to leave for 2 weeks just before exams, in the subject which I have the most questions for. Thank god for vn and other people's teachers who are reliable..
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 14, 2010, 06:25:06 pm
another one from Lisachem 2008

Information in visual memory is:
A. held for less than a second.
B. limited to 7+2 items.
C. retained even though you may not attend to it
D. both A and B.

wtf
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 14, 2010, 06:32:13 pm
another one from Lisachem 2008

Information in visual memory is:
A. held for less than a second.
B. limited to 7+2 items.
C. retained even though you may not attend to it
D. both A and B.

Answer should be (A).... visual sensory memory duration is approx 0.2-0.3 of a second.

however , watch out . lisachem make many mistakes in multi choice , and they dont explain their answers.

wtf

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 14, 2010, 06:36:05 pm
another one from Lisachem 2008

Information in visual memory is:
A. held for less than a second.
B. limited to 7+2 items.
C. retained even though you may not attend to it
D. both A and B.

Answer should be (A).... visual sensory memory duration is approx 0.2-0.3 of a second.

however , watch out . lisachem make many mistakes in multi choice , and they dont explain their answers.

wtf

your right of course but I don't get it. how does "visual memory" mean "sensory memory"?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Transcendent on October 14, 2010, 07:24:58 pm
probably referring to iconic memory?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 14, 2010, 07:34:56 pm
your right of course but I don't get it. how does "visual memory" mean "sensory memory"?

because all the information held in sensory memory is held in a 'sensory register' (there are believed to be five, but we only have to know 2- iconic (visual) and echoic (auditory))

each sensory register has a different duration, which generally serves a purpose.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 14, 2010, 07:37:24 pm
another one from Lisachem 2008

Information in visual memory is:
A. held for less than a second.
B. limited to 7+2 items.
C. retained even though you may not attend to it
D. both A and B.

Answer should be (A).... visual sensory memory duration is approx 0.2-0.3 of a second.

however , watch out . lisachem make many mistakes in multi choice , and they dont explain their answers.

wtf

your right of course but I don't get it. how does "visual memory" mean "sensory memory"?

Iconic memory is VISUAL sensory memory ... visual memory refers to iconic memory.
they worded the question wrong . they should have said .. "visual sensory memory"

but still.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 14, 2010, 09:08:20 pm
hey guys do you know what working memory's (phenological loop/visuospatial sketchpad)  duration/capacity is??

is duration same as STM 18-20seconds and capacity just 7+/- 2??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 14, 2010, 09:09:04 pm
hey guys do you know what working memory's (phenological loop/visuospatial sketchpad)  duration/capacity is??

is duration same as STM 18-20seconds and capacity just 7+/- 2??

yeahpp :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 14, 2010, 11:01:12 pm
another one from Lisachem 2008

Information in visual memory is:
A. held for less than a second.
B. limited to 7+2 items.
C. retained even though you may not attend to it
D. both A and B.

Answer should be (A).... visual sensory memory duration is approx 0.2-0.3 of a second.

however , watch out . lisachem make many mistakes in multi choice , and they dont explain their answers.

wtf

your right of course but I don't get it. how does "visual memory" mean "sensory memory"?

Iconic memory is VISUAL sensory memory ... visual memory refers to iconic memory.
they worded the question wrong . they should have said .. "visual sensory memory"

but still.
ah, thats where I went wrong. I wasn't sure which memory they they were referring to
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 17, 2010, 10:58:09 pm
what about these

In operant conditioning the role of the learner is
A) active and volountry
B) passive and volountry
c) active and involountry
d) may be either A or C


Pedro loves to play soccer and particularly loves the terrific feeling he gets he gets wen he kicks a goal. He doesn't score a goal every game, usually he scores only every one or two games, but he keeps on playing, hoping he will score. Pedro is operating on a
A) variable interval "SoR"
B) fixed interval "SoR"
C) variable ratio "SoR"
D) fixed ratio "SoR"

Which of the following is most likely an example of forgetting due to lack of consolidation
A) Perry is unable to recall the novels he read in Year 11 but when he looks at the reccommended reading list he has no difficulty in selecting the correct novels
B)Lauren was trying to memorise a list of psych definitions when a fight broke out in the library, just as she had finished reading through them. When Lauren tested herself later stage could not recall any of the definitions
C)Jennifer fell and was knocked unconscious. She was taken to hospital but when she regained conscioussness she had no recollection of how she got to the hospital
D)Karl witnessed a fatal car accident  and was deeply distressed by the event. When he was questioned by police about the accident, he could not recall any of the details

thanks
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 17, 2010, 11:12:19 pm
what about these

In operant conditioning the role of the learner is
A) active and volountry
B) passive and volountry
c) active and involountry
d) may be either A or C


Pedro loves to play soccer and particularly loves the terrific feeling he gets he gets wen he kicks a goal. He doesn't score a goal every game, usually he scores only every one or two games, but he keeps on playing, hoping he will score. Pedro is operating on a
A) variable interval "SoR"
B) fixed interval "SoR"
C) variable ratio "SoR"
D) fixed ratio "SoR"

Which of the following is most likely an example of forgetting due to lack of consolidation
A) Perry is unable to recall the novels he read in Year 11 but when he looks at the reccommended reading list he has no difficulty in selecting the correct novels
B)Lauren was trying to memorise a list of psych definitions when a fight broke out in the library, just as she had finished reading through them. When Lauren tested herself later stage could not recall any of the definitions
C)Jennifer fell and was knocked unconscious. She was taken to hospital but when she regained conscioussness she had no recollection of how she got to the hospital
D)Karl witnessed a fatal car accident  and was deeply distressed by the event. When he was questioned by police about the accident, he could not recall any of the details

thanks
i think
1 D
2C
3B

:)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 17, 2010, 11:18:29 pm
i should have just inboxed u lol coz u always get them right. can u explain. they are from insight but i still don't the explanations
1 I wrote a because I though operant conditioning is volountry. Now that I think about it you are right but I'm sure it doesn't say this in the textbook
2 Very confident I was correct with variable interval. explain?
3 Was tossing up between B and C but went for C. Both seem to be right?
thanks
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 17, 2010, 11:20:16 pm
I agree with you matt, but I do find it hard to understand why 3 couldn't be C
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 17, 2010, 11:22:18 pm
apparently, C counts as retrograde amnesia only, but wouldn't that also involve the disruption of consolidation?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Glockmeister on October 17, 2010, 11:44:14 pm
i should have just inboxed u lol coz u always get them right. can u explain. they are from insight but i still don't the explanations
1 I wrote a because I though operant conditioning is volountry. Now that I think about it you are right but I'm sure it doesn't say this in the textbook
2 Very confident I was correct with variable interval. explain?
3 Was tossing up between B and C but went for C. Both seem to be right?
thanks
i should have just inboxed u lol coz u always get them right. can u explain. they are from insight but i still don't the explanations
1 I wrote a because I though operant conditioning is volountry. Now that I think about it you are right but I'm sure it doesn't say this in the textbook
2 Very confident I was correct with variable interval. explain?
3 Was tossing up between B and C but went for C. Both seem to be right?
thanks

1 Operant conditioning doesn't have to involve voluntary actions -> for example you can use operant conditioning on say autism. Now you can't really say that autism is a voluntary condition, could you?
2 Isn't time based. The 'reward', being the getting goals, is received every time a person received a goal. It's not given say every 15 minutes, hence the ratio. It's obviously variable cause he doesn't get goals every match.
3 Well, I'd suppose it depends on the length of time it took for the ambulance to get to Jen, pick her up and get her to the hospital. Remember, consolidation is only affected in regards to memories gained 30 minutes prior.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 18, 2010, 12:04:24 pm
i should have just inboxed u lol coz u always get them right. can u explain. they are from insight but i still don't the explanations
1 I wrote a because I though operant conditioning is volountry. Now that I think about it you are right but I'm sure it doesn't say this in the textbook
2 Very confident I was correct with variable interval. explain?
3 Was tossing up between B and C but went for C. Both seem to be right?
thanks
i should have just inboxed u lol coz u always get them right. can u explain. they are from insight but i still don't the explanations
1 I wrote a because I though operant conditioning is volountry. Now that I think about it you are right but I'm sure it doesn't say this in the textbook
2 Very confident I was correct with variable interval. explain?
3 Was tossing up between B and C but went for C. Both seem to be right?
thanks
thanks

1 Operant conditioning doesn't have to involve voluntary actions -> for example you can use operant conditioning on say autism. Now you can't really say that autism is a voluntary condition, could you?
2 Isn't time based. The 'reward', being the getting goals, is received every time a person received a goal. It's not given say every 15 minutes, hence the ratio. It's obviously variable cause he doesn't get goals every match.
3 Well, I'd suppose it depends on the length of time it took for the ambulance to get to Jen, pick her up and get her to the hospital. Remember, consolidation is only affected in regards to memories gained 30 minutes prior.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Bing 101 on October 18, 2010, 03:52:27 pm
I asked my teacher and its variable ratio that is most resistant to extinction. Its been explicitly stated to me a few times by various lecturers but the inconsistency with the answers in prac exams is frustrating :S.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 18, 2010, 04:14:11 pm
I asked my teacher and its variable ratio that is most resistant to extinction. Its been explicitly stated to me a few times by various lecturers but the inconsistency with the answers in prac exams is frustrating :S.

yeah i would beg to differ.
i think variable INTERVAL is the most resistant to extinction.
my teacher who is a past uni teacher/past examiner also believes so.

i have read however in many exams and textbooks that its variable ratio.
but i dont really agree with it .
.. the gravias textbook shows a graph aswell with variable interval being the most resistant.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Bing 101 on October 18, 2010, 04:23:54 pm
I guess thats good then because then VCAA has to accept either, right?
I know STAV 2010 had it as Variable Ratio  along with previous TSSM questions. IARTV on the other hand said it was Variable Interval. :( So frustrating! But logically I would also say variable interval but I've just gone on what's been taught to me :s


Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 18, 2010, 04:28:26 pm
I guess thats good then because then VCAA has to accept either, right?
I know STAV 2010 had it as Variable Ratio  along with previous TSSM questions. IARTV on the other hand said it was Variable Interval. :( So frustrating! But logically I would also say variable interval but I've just gone on what's been taught to me :s




is there any chance  u cud please upload stav or irtv 2010 psych exam?> pleasssw
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 18, 2010, 04:38:30 pm
Okay I finally got a chance to ask my teacher whose been an assessor for 20 years blah blah..

She said "Variable Interval" is the MOST resistant to extinction.. Because in "Interval" the participant just waits for the reinforcement so they will continue this more than having to do a behaviour like in a "Ratio" schedule..

But "Variable Ratio" produces the highest rate of responding..

So obviously it could become easy to confuse the two. (This is also from memory so what she told me could have differed slightly)..

She seemed very sure of this too. And I'd definitely listen to her cos she definitely knows what she's talking about.

Hope this helps other people cos this topic is so ambiguous.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 18, 2010, 04:48:54 pm
Okay I finally got a chance to ask my teacher whose been an assessor for 20 years blah blah..

She said "Variable Interval" is the MOST resistant to extinction.. Because in "Interval" the participant just waits for the reinforcement so they will continue this more than having to do a behaviour like in a "Ratio" schedule..

But "Variable Ratio" produces the highest rate of responding..

So obviously it could become easy to confuse the two. (This is also from memory so what she told me could have differed slightly)..

She seemed very sure of this too. And I'd definitely listen to her cos she definitely knows what she's talking about.

Hope this helps other people cos this topic is so ambiguous.

variable ratio is the fastest responding for PARTIAL schedules of reinforcement.

but the fastest in general is continuous reinforcement.
:)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Bing 101 on October 18, 2010, 05:06:23 pm
I guess thats good then because then VCAA has to accept either, right?
I know STAV 2010 had it as Variable Ratio  along with previous TSSM questions. IARTV on the other hand said it was Variable Interval. :( So frustrating! But logically I would also say variable interval but I've just gone on what's been taught to me :s




is there any chance  u cud please upload stav or irtv 2010 psych exam?> pleasssw

I'll see if my teacher tomorrow if she has an electronic copy. We did the STAV 2010 as our prac exam. My copy is all scribbled over. IARTV is one of the ones i pulled from VCEnotes I think, I'll double check for you.
If I can I put the STAV one on the 2010 exams thread for you.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 18, 2010, 05:07:45 pm
Okay I finally got a chance to ask my teacher whose been an assessor for 20 years blah blah..

She said "Variable Interval" is the MOST resistant to extinction.. Because in "Interval" the participant just waits for the reinforcement so they will continue this more than having to do a behaviour like in a "Ratio" schedule..

But "Variable Ratio" produces the highest rate of responding..

So obviously it could become easy to confuse the two. (This is also from memory so what she told me could have differed slightly)..

She seemed very sure of this too. And I'd definitely listen to her cos she definitely knows what she's talking about.

Hope this helps other people cos this topic is so ambiguous.

variable ratio is the fastest responding for PARTIAL schedules of reinforcement.

but the fastest in general is continuous reinforcement.
:)

hahaha! That's creepy she told me that too. Luckily I did the 05 vcaa exam which had that on there so I knew what she was talking about haha. Is there a difference between having the highest rate of responding and being acquired most rapidly? I thought variable ratio had the highest rate of responding but continuous was acquired most rapidly..?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 18, 2010, 07:22:38 pm
Okay I finally got a chance to ask my teacher whose been an assessor for 20 years blah blah..

She said "Variable Interval" is the MOST resistant to extinction.. Because in "Interval" the participant just waits for the reinforcement so they will continue this more than having to do a behaviour like in a "Ratio" schedule..

But "Variable Ratio" produces the highest rate of responding..

So obviously it could become easy to confuse the two. (This is also from memory so what she told me could have differed slightly)..

She seemed very sure of this too. And I'd definitely listen to her cos she definitely knows what she's talking about.

Hope this helps other people cos this topic is so ambiguous.

variable ratio is the fastest responding for PARTIAL schedules of reinforcement.

but the fastest in general is continuous reinforcement.
:)

hahaha! That's creepy she told me that too. Luckily I did the 05 vcaa exam which had that on there so I knew what she was talking about haha. Is there a difference between having the highest rate of responding and being acquired most rapidly? I thought variable ratio had the highest rate of responding but continuous was acquired most rapidly..?
continuous reinforcement has the highest rate of response and quickest acquisition. The acquisition period is the time it takes for the specific behaviour to be learnt (I'm pretty sure that this is correct). excluding continuous reinforcement, variable ratio has the fastest rate of response, but fixed ratio has the quickest acquisition.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 18, 2010, 07:28:15 pm
and I'm pretty sure that variable interval is the most resistant to extinction.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 19, 2010, 04:28:09 pm
I read somewhere else that variable interval is most resistant to extinction and now I'm unsure.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 19, 2010, 04:42:34 pm
I read somewhere else that variable interval is most resistant to extinction and now I'm unsure.

It is..... Im pretty sure.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 19, 2010, 08:04:24 pm
it's easiest to say that variable-ratio is as you can use the gambling example. i'm pretty sure that it's variable-interval as well, but my example of "fishing" doesn't really justify it being resistant to extinction :D
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 19, 2010, 08:08:53 pm
well there are a lot of fishermen who keep fishing for hours despite not catching any fish, but that could be explained by them just enjoying relaxing.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 19, 2010, 08:17:15 pm
it's easiest to say that variable-ratio is as you can use the gambling example. i'm pretty sure that it's variable-interval as well, but my example of "fishing" doesn't really justify it being resistant to extinction :D

I think that the "gambling scenario" ( and this is just my personal thought) .. is both variable AND fixed interval.
... machines these days work on both time periods and number periods.

that's just what my teacher and I believe ... dont quote me on it.

But i would say ( since ive seen it in the book + on most exam papers) .... the most resistant to extinction is variable INTERVAL ..
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: chickenpop on October 19, 2010, 08:29:06 pm
Can anyone give a possible answer for VCAA short answer 2009 Q16? I can never get these

Answers just say 'In this question students needed to name one uncontrolled variable and then explain how this variable affected results.'

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 19, 2010, 09:29:11 pm
yep, an confounding variable could be the experimenter effect/bias: which occurs when the concious or unconscious expectations of the experimenter influence the behavioural responses of the participants (e.g. the experimenter treats the ppts who watch the literacy program every day, better than the ppts in the other group)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 19, 2010, 09:56:59 pm
did anyone else find insight 2008 stuffed up
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 19, 2010, 10:00:02 pm
did anyone else find insight 2008 stuffed up
yeah quite a few people found it hard.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 19, 2010, 10:23:18 pm
did anyone else find insight 2008 stuffed up
yeah quite a few people found it hard.
on the mc i am actually doing better than expected but it was weird. there was rm questions in the memory or learning section and a couple of questions asked for what sounded like a detailed response and only was worth 2 marks with 2 lines. I reckon TSSM are the best tbh
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 19, 2010, 10:30:40 pm
what exactly is external reinforcement?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 19, 2010, 10:46:37 pm
what exactly is external reinforcement?
I don't actually know..
I'll ask my teacher tomorrow and post a good explanation here.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 19, 2010, 11:00:41 pm
what exactly is external reinforcement?
I don't actually know..
I'll ask my teacher tomorrow and post a good explanation here.
thanks. it was the answer to one of the mc questions. Do u go to a good private school?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 19, 2010, 11:04:54 pm
what exactly is external reinforcement?
I don't actually know..
I'll ask my teacher tomorrow and post a good explanation here.
thanks. it was the answer to one of the mc questions. Do u go to a good private school?

Im at a dodgy PUBLIC school lol.
but our chem teacher( who teaches psych) is about 70 yrs old and has taught at uni and at Grammer.
hes so sikkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
love him to death.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 19, 2010, 11:23:07 pm
what exactly is external reinforcement?
I don't actually know..
I'll ask my teacher tomorrow and post a good explanation here.
thanks. it was the answer to one of the mc questions. Do u go to a good private school?
nope but my psych teacher is excellent, and she's also quite old.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 19, 2010, 11:38:18 pm
Guys, How can i best utilise the 10minutes reading time in the psychology exam??? what do you guys do?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 20, 2010, 12:13:46 am
Guys, How can i best utilise the 10minutes reading time in the psychology exam??? what do you guys do?
i just do as many mc as i know and write them in immediatly when reading time finishes. gives you an advantage by giving you more time to do SA
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 20, 2010, 01:12:40 am
I usually concentrate on reading the short answer questions.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 20, 2010, 09:30:33 am
Guys, How can i best utilise the 10minutes reading time in the psychology exam??? what do you guys do?

Honestly.
READ short answer questions ... and formulate answers to them.
then when time starts
do multi choices first
:) trust me . works well
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: minilunchbox on October 20, 2010, 07:08:27 pm
Guys, How can i best utilise the 10minutes reading time in the psychology exam??? what do you guys do?

Read short answer once or twice, very thoroughly. Then go through MC, so I can knock out MC (minus those one or two conflicting ones FFUU) in 10-15 minutes depending.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 20, 2010, 08:39:35 pm
i think external reinforcement is physical rewards, ie. a trophy or pat on the ol' back.
internal reinforcement = pride or a sense of accomplishment.
sort of a year 11 thing, don't think we specifically learnt that this year?

anyone bother with scratching their multichoice on the midyear?
i used to always do it in earlier years as it saved a good ten minutes but didn't attempt it in the proper midyear... aha
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 20, 2010, 08:43:57 pm
i think external reinforcement is physical rewards, ie. a trophy or pat on the ol' back.
internal reinforcement = pride or a sense of accomplishment.
sort of a year 11 thing, don't think we specifically learnt that this year?

anyone bother with scratching their multichoice on the midyear?
i used to always do it in earlier years as it saved a good ten minutes but didn't attempt it in the proper midyear... aha


Nope .. kus I formulate answers to SA questions in reading time.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 20, 2010, 09:33:10 pm
they can throw you out of the exam if they catch you scratching answers in with anything. if you can get away with it, go for it, if in doubt, don't risk it.

I go through the MC questions first myself, might try matt's strategy next time I do an exam with reading time.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 20, 2010, 09:42:24 pm
they can throw you out of the exam if they catch you scratching answers in with anything. if you can get away with it, go for it, if in doubt, don't risk it.

I go through the MC questions first myself, might try matt's strategy next time I do an exam with reading time.

Yeah go for it.

Tbh .. lol i havnt done any exams with reading time .. i never cbf ... lol ...

do you do most ur exams with reading time? or just get straight into it
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 20, 2010, 10:08:25 pm
when do the mods on this forum put end of year exam section in the forum??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 20, 2010, 10:46:42 pm
they can throw you out of the exam if they catch you scratching answers in with anything. if you can get away with it, go for it, if in doubt, don't risk it.

I go through the MC questions first myself, might try matt's strategy next time I do an exam with reading time.

Yeah go for it.

Tbh .. lol i havnt done any exams with reading time .. i never cbf ... lol ...

do you do most ur exams with reading time? or just get straight into it
I don't use reading time, so it should be a bit easier in the vcaa exam when I do.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 22, 2010, 09:56:03 am
15 minutes reading time is a bit excessive i think.
personally i use it to read through the S.A especially making sure i understand any long paragraph questions so time isn't wasted re-reading them...
then just memorize the answer to the first few mc

i've been giving myself 5 minutes reading time for practice exams just to skim through... not really needed though.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: milkcarton on October 22, 2010, 12:36:14 pm
15 minutes time is more than satisfactory, it's a helping hand by the VCAA, I use it to scour through the MC questions thoroughly for 6 minutes. I would use the remainder to read through the SA and formulate answers.

@jinny1, I suspect 1/2 days prior to the English exam.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 22, 2010, 04:49:54 pm
@jinny1, I suspect 1/2 days prior to the English exam.

sorry what do you mean by this??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: milkcarton on October 22, 2010, 04:59:12 pm
@jinny1, I suspect 1/2 days prior to the English exam.

sorry what do you mean by this??

Answering your question, "when do the mods on this forum put end of year exam section in the forum??" - One to two days before the oh-so-deadly primal English exam this upcoming Thursday.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: flametree on October 22, 2010, 05:25:17 pm
it's easiest to say that variable-ratio is as you can use the gambling example. i'm pretty sure that it's variable-interval as well, but my example of "fishing" doesn't really justify it being resistant to extinction :D

I think that the "gambling scenario" ( and this is just my personal thought) .. is both variable AND fixed interval.
... machines these days work on both time periods and number periods.

that's just what my teacher and I believe ... dont quote me on it.

But i would say ( since ive seen it in the book + on most exam papers) .... the most resistant to extinction is variable INTERVAL ..

Ok, so a few questions here:
Firstly if the gambling machines had variable interval, wouldn't that mean you could just sit there without having pressed a button for it to pay out?

And also the TSSM 2009 exam seemed to have some questions I dunno if are right

Q16. Jazmin then listened to 15 different words. She was asked to recall the list immediately after hearing them. Jazmin was more likely to remember items from
A. The start and middle of the list
B. The middle of the list
C. The end of the list
D. The start and end of the list


I had C as i thought the recency effect had a higher peak in the serial position effect? The answer was D

Q19. Brooke's grandmother is a healthy 80 year old. She is an excellent cook, however she has trouble remembering the facts of significant events in world history.
Brooke's grandmother's memory decline is most likely a result of
A. retrograde amnesia
B. Slowing of the central nervous system
C. Decay
D. Motivated forgetting

I said C but the answer was B. I coulda sworn i read somewhere that the slowing of the central nervous system only affects nelwy learnt information.

Q24. Which of the following behaviours demonstrates behaviour dependent on maturation?
A. A bird pecking at its parent's beak
B. A spider spinning a web
C. A child learning to talk
D. A child crawling


The answer was D but shouldn't C be right as well? As children can't talk until certain muscles have developed?

If you could explain them, then thanks guys
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 22, 2010, 06:56:06 pm
Q.16 the serial position effect describes superior recall for items at the beginning and end of the list. you're not wrong that the items at the end of the list would have been recalled the best, but in those situations just go with the start and end and recall for items at the end of the list isn't far superior to that of the start of the list.

Q.19 remember that decay theory isn't well supported, and there's nothing about how much she used her semantic memory. also, she's old which is an indication that one of the four reasons why old people have poorer memory than young people should be considered. again, go with what's safe.

Q.24 with question 24, I guess the key word to consider is "a child learning to talk" behaviours dependent on maturation are not dependent on learning.

sorry I couldn't really help on the second one.




I have a question from a TSSM 2007 exam

Question 3 (Short Answer)
In the context of Pavlov's study, describe an example of extinction.

I assumed "in context of pavlov's study" meant I was to use pavlov's study as an example. i don't have the answers and i'm wondering how others interpret this question
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 22, 2010, 07:10:16 pm
Q.16 the serial position effect describes superior recall for items at the beginning and end of the list. you're not wrong that the items at the end of the list would have been recalled the best, but in those situations just go with the start and end and recall for items at the end of the list isn't far superior to that of the start of the list.

Q.19 remember that decay theory isn't well supported, and there's nothing about how much she used her semantic memory. also, she's old which is an indication that one of the four reasons why old people have poorer memory than young people should be considered. again, go with what's safe.

Q.24 with question 24, I guess the key word to consider is "a child learning to talk" behaviours dependent on maturation are not dependent on learning.

sorry I couldn't really help on the second one.




I have a question from a TSSM 2007 exam

Question 3 (Short Answer)
In the context of Pavlov's study, describe an example of extinction.

I assumed "in context of pavlov's study" meant I was to use pavlov's study as an example. i don't have the answers and i'm wondering how others interpret this question

I would answer it like this.
Extinction is the gradual decrease or fading of a conditioned response after a period of time in which the UCS is NOT presented.
In pavlovs experiment , the dog STOPPED salivating to the sound of the bell after a period of time , in which the food( ucs) was not given. ( or paired with the bell).
 
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Glockmeister on October 23, 2010, 02:58:23 am
Pretty much what matt said.

If there's a mention of blah blah's study, you must mention what blah blah actually did, and relate it to the theory. This is because the study design specifically mentions a multitude of researchers.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: zomgSEAN on October 23, 2010, 10:19:16 am
In terms of Variable-Ratio VS Variable Interval in terms of resistance to extinction, our teacher says it's variable interval.
She's marked psych exams for 6 years now.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 23, 2010, 11:32:27 am
can you give an example of a variable interval schedule that's resistant to extinction? (I do agree with you, but if a question asks to justify your answer then I'd be forced to pick ratio)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 23, 2010, 11:51:51 am
@jinny1, I suspect 1/2 days prior to the English exam.

sorry what do you mean by this??

Answering your question, "when do the mods on this forum put end of year exam section in the forum??" - One to two days before the oh-so-deadly primal English exam this upcoming Thursday.

Thanks!!!
lucky im in year 11 but i loathe English exams the most...
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 23, 2010, 11:55:58 am
can you give an example of a variable interval schedule that's resistant to extinction? (I do agree with you, but if a question asks to justify your answer then I'd be forced to pick ratio)

Fishing.
Standing at the traffic lights .. pushing the button over and over.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 23, 2010, 12:22:57 pm
can you give an example of a variable interval schedule that's resistant to extinction? (I do agree with you, but if a question asks to justify your answer then I'd be forced to pick ratio)

Fishing.
Standing at the traffic lights .. pushing the button over and over.

in regards to the traffic lights, is that not fixed interval?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: mikee65 on October 23, 2010, 12:39:42 pm
Im gonna go DB for the first questions? right?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 23, 2010, 12:42:35 pm
can you give an example of a variable interval schedule that's resistant to extinction? (I do agree with you, but if a question asks to justify your answer then I'd be forced to pick ratio)

Fishing.
Standing at the traffic lights .. pushing the button over and over.

in regards to the traffic lights, is that not fixed interval?

Nah i dont think they happen at a fixed time.
We went down to traffic lights to test it.
it was like 5-15 secs diff every time.

but i think the government has changed most the traffic lights these days.
the run on the amount of cars that pass a specific line in the ground ( dont ask me how).

anyways
Im pretty sure its variable interval
but i could be wrong ..

but fishing is anyway
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Visionz on October 23, 2010, 12:48:26 pm
They cant be fixed because if someone presses the button to cross the road itd fuck up the whole system.

id say they just favour the bigger road when they change colour. variable interval.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 23, 2010, 12:48:52 pm
can you give an example of a variable interval schedule that's resistant to extinction? (I do agree with you, but if a question asks to justify your answer then I'd be forced to pick ratio)

Fishing.
Standing at the traffic lights .. pushing the button over and over.

in regards to the traffic lights, is that not fixed interval?

Nah i dont think they happen at a fixed time.
We went down to traffic lights to test it.
it was like 5-15 secs diff every time.

but i think the government has changed most the traffic lights these days.
the run on the amount of cars that pass a specific line in the ground ( dont ask me how).

anyways
Im pretty sure its variable interval
but i could be wrong ..

but fishing is anyway

yeah in that case, you are right :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 23, 2010, 12:52:07 pm
They cant be fixed because if someone presses the button to cross the road itd fuck up the whole system.

id say they just favour the bigger road when they change colour. variable interval.
I just thought that the possibility of a green man occurs at the same time every time, however only happens if somebody presses the button. (so the timing isn't dependant on the person pressing the button)
that was just how I had imagined that it worked, but it's very likely your explanation is correct.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 23, 2010, 12:55:09 pm
Im gonna go DB for the first questions? right?
yeah.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 23, 2010, 01:14:57 pm
Standing at the traffic lights .. pushing the button over and over.

that's fixed interval my friend. the main traffic lights are fixed interval i'm pretty sure, and the walk sign will only come on when the correct set of traffic lights are green. pg. 472 of the Grivas textbook states that traffic lights are a fixed-interval schedule
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 23, 2010, 01:22:22 pm
Standing at the traffic lights .. pushing the button over and over.

that's fixed interval my friend. the main traffic lights are fixed interval i'm pretty sure, and the walk sign will only come on when the correct set of traffic lights are green. pg. 472 of the Grivas textbook states that traffic lights are a fixed-interval schedule

Hmmm.... Ok , i guess ima have to agree with you in that case.

Well .. Im still half right with fishing

FISHING IT IS!!

haha
:)

thanks for clearing that up spreadyy :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 23, 2010, 01:56:46 pm
we had a psych study class yesterday and our teacher told us variable-ratio is hardest to extinguish followed by variable-interval being 2nd hardest.

variable-ratio is also effective for acquisition whereas variable-interval isn't and results in a slow, steady rate of response or erratic behavior as seen from the rat in skinners box.



so, in other words. i have no idea which is right then.
can just imagine, MC Q1 "which of these is most resistant to extinction" :buck2:
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: zomgSEAN on October 23, 2010, 02:03:21 pm
can just imagine, MC Q1 "which of these is most resistant to extinction" :buck2:

Dude, it's going to happen :\
I'm saying Variable Interval though.
But it'll be wrong, and i'll yet again want to murder VCAA in all their shittiness.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 23, 2010, 02:40:56 pm
can just imagine, MC Q1 "which of these is most resistant to extinction" :buck2:

Dude, it's going to happen :\
I'm saying Variable Interval though.
But it'll be wrong, and i'll yet again want to murder VCAA in all their shittiness.

They wont ask it.
and if they do

im sticking with Variable interval.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 23, 2010, 03:14:46 pm
can just imagine, MC Q1 "which of these is most resistant to extinction" :buck2:

Dude, it's going to happen :\
I'm saying Variable Interval though.
But it'll be wrong, and i'll yet again want to murder VCAA in all their shittiness.

They wont ask it.
and if they do

im sticking with Variable interval.


same here,
for anybody who is unsure of which is correct, try this:
pretend you don't have any knowledge of the different schedules of reinfocement, which would you make an educated assumption to be more resistant to extinction?
when I try that, variable interval seems to make a lot more sense.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: zomgSEAN on October 23, 2010, 04:06:45 pm
Well, look at it this way; Fixed-Ratio is the easiest to extinguish; it would only make sense for the absolute opposite to be the hardest to extinguish. And that is Variable-Interval.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 23, 2010, 05:20:05 pm
more likely they'll just ask what is most useful in acquisition or something, if everyone's disagreeing on this(even differing textbooks) then i doubt they'd do a question on it as everyone would complain and hopefully they'd just give everyone the mark.

OR then again, on many biology exams(ie this midyear) they've left horrible, badly written, crap questions unexplained.
oh vcaa.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 24, 2010, 10:17:33 pm
What would be the UCS in a typical example of taste aversion/one - trial learning??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 24, 2010, 10:47:19 pm
What would be the UCS in a typical example of taste aversion/one - trial learning??
nausea causing bacteria in the food that was eaten.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 24, 2010, 11:04:18 pm
What would be the UCS in a typical example of taste aversion/one - trial learning??
nausea causing bacteria in the food that was eaten.

ahh thats what i kinda thought....

thanks

so there is an association between the bacteria and the food right ?? not an association between the food and a feeling of nausea??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 24, 2010, 11:23:09 pm
What would be the UCS in a typical example of taste aversion/one - trial learning??
nausea causing bacteria in the food that was eaten.

ahh thats what i kinda thought....

thanks

so there is an association between the bacteria and the food right ?? not an association between the food and a feeling of nausea??
yeah, the NS is the food
the UCS is the bacteria in the food
and the NS becomes the CS when it is paired/associated with the UCS

also: the UCS evokes the UCR, while the CS evokes the CR.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 24, 2010, 11:31:38 pm
Hey sillysmile in the grivas textbook the definition for taste aversion is : " A Conditioned response that results from a person or animal establishing an association between a particular food and being or feeling ill after having consumed it at some time in the past."

they are telling me a different thing!!!! i know you are correct but why is this textbook saying there is an association between CS and CR??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 24, 2010, 11:37:48 pm
that's true, but they mean a different thing,
I'll explain:
there is an association between the CS and UCS which
associates the CS with the CR.
make sense?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 24, 2010, 11:44:25 pm
ok there are two associations right?? and i wont get marks deducted for stating the grivas definition in the exam?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 24, 2010, 11:51:19 pm
ok there are two associations right?? and i wont get marks deducted for stating the grivas definition in the exam?
you must provide an answer that is relevant to the question, for example:
classical conditioning relies on the repeated associations of what?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 25, 2010, 12:08:20 am
two or more stimuli :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 25, 2010, 12:30:05 am
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 25, 2010, 08:14:04 am
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 25, 2010, 02:39:03 pm
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.


I have actually learnt, that when the NS is paired with the UCS it is called the CS.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 25, 2010, 03:17:22 pm
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.


I have actually learnt, that when the NS is paired with the UCS it is called the CS.


I also learned that originally.
Then i found out ... Its actually ONLY the CS after its been paired and can bring about a CR.

USUALLY though , to get rid of confusion .. vcaa just ask

q1. what 2 stimuli are paired

Ans : The cs and the ucs.


..............

But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: zomgSEAN on October 25, 2010, 03:28:19 pm
Quote
But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.

YEYA BOY.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: studying_hard on October 25, 2010, 04:28:11 pm
is deception used in the Little Albert experiment?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 25, 2010, 05:01:22 pm
deception is barely relevant for little albert as the parent of little albert wasn't only deceived as to what the research involved, she had no idea at all.

so informed consent is more important to look at because without that being sufficed deception can't even come into it.

informed consent
debriefing (there was no removal of the conditioned response)
no harm principle
withdrawal rights

would all be much easier to look at or explain in reference to little albert.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 25, 2010, 07:08:07 pm
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.


I have actually learnt, that when the NS is paired with the UCS it is called the CS.


I also learned that originally.
Then i found out ... Its actually ONLY the CS after its been paired and can bring about a CR.

USUALLY though , to get rid of confusion .. vcaa just ask

q1. what 2 stimuli are paired

Ans : The cs and the ucs.


..............

But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.

haha, that's what I thought originally, but my teacher informed me that I was wrong...
I guess I'm going to have to check a few different sources.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 25, 2010, 07:16:27 pm
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.


I have actually learnt, that when the NS is paired with the UCS it is called the CS.


I also learned that originally.
Then i found out ... Its actually ONLY the CS after its been paired and can bring about a CR.

USUALLY though , to get rid of confusion .. vcaa just ask

q1. what 2 stimuli are paired

Ans : The cs and the ucs.


..............

But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.

haha, that's what I thought originally, but my teacher informed me that I was wrong...
I guess I'm going to have to check a few different sources.

Wait? lol wtf are you arguing? . lol sorry man . im lost.

It says in the gravias textbook that the NS becomes the CS after repeated pairings with the UCS ( through which acquisition has occurred).

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 25, 2010, 07:29:37 pm
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.


I have actually learnt, that when the NS is paired with the UCS it is called the CS.


I also learned that originally.
Then i found out ... Its actually ONLY the CS after its been paired and can bring about a CR.

USUALLY though , to get rid of confusion .. vcaa just ask

q1. what 2 stimuli are paired

Ans : The cs and the ucs.


..............

But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.

haha, that's what I thought originally, but my teacher informed me that I was wrong...
I guess I'm going to have to check a few different sources.

Wait? lol wtf are you arguing? . lol sorry man . im lost.

It says in the gravias textbook that the NS becomes the CS after repeated pairings with the UCS ( through which acquisition has occurred).


no I'm not arguing, I was trying to state that I'm unsure now...
I have heard a few different opinions, and I'm going to check a few text books to see if the agree.

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: zomgSEAN on October 26, 2010, 10:29:25 am
Neutral Stimulus=One that produces no relevant response.

Conditioned Stimulus=A previously neutral stimulus that now elicits a conditioned response due to repeated pairings with the unconditioned stimulus.
The implication in the definition of a conditioned stimulus is that the pairings occurred in the PAST, during Acquisition. Acquisition is the process wherein the Neutral Stimulus is BEING ConditionED; present tense, verb.
It does not actually become a CONDITIONED STIMULUS until the repeated pairings have been made to form an association between the UCS and NS(but soon to be, CS). Until then, it is simply a neutral stimulus undergoing conditioning.

It's like putting conditioner in your hair :P
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 26, 2010, 06:31:06 pm

q1. what 2 stimuli are paired

Ans : The cs and the ucs.

..............

But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.

vcaa will specify whether the question refers to before or after the stage of acquisition.
before = ns
after = cs.

if they don't specify that then the chief examiner will get a million calls from irritated psych teachers and give everyone the mark.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 26, 2010, 10:19:32 pm
i dont get the whole placebo thing...

is placebo used to prevent placebo effect???im confused T.T

they're not gonna ask in detail about placebo in the exam right?

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: masonnnn on October 26, 2010, 10:54:39 pm
i dont get the whole placebo thing...

is placebo used to prevent placebo effect???im confused T.T

they're not gonna ask in detail about placebo in the exam right?



there could be a question on it in research methods so it'd be best to have a decent understanding of it.

The Placebo Effect = the tendency for participants who are aware they are in the experiment group to influence the actual results themselves as to how they believe the IV should.
(ie. a study on caffiene, the people in the experiment group know they are getting caffeine and because of this actually act more hyper than the caffeine would naturally make them, influencing the results)
(my definition there is terrible, look up a better one...i just can't be bothered finding my book right now :P)

A Placebo = an imitation of the IV that has no effect (ie. imagine the IV were an ecstasy pill, the placebo would just be a sugar pill)

SO,
to counteract the placebo effect ALL participants are given what they think is the IV (so they'd all be given pills, but some would contain the IV while some were simply sugar pills) and are not made aware whether they are in the experimental or control group.

Therefore the participants would all influence their own results equally, counteracting any imbalance caused by the placebo effect.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 27, 2010, 03:44:10 pm
two or more stimuli :)
yep, but what are these specific stimuli called?


Sorry to interupt.
I think its better to say.

" In classical conditioning there is repeated or successive pairings of the NEUTRAL stimulus and the UCS" , thus after the acquisition period , the NS becomes the CS which elicits a CR.


I have actually learnt, that when the NS is paired with the UCS it is called the CS.


I also learned that originally.
Then i found out ... Its actually ONLY the CS after its been paired and can bring about a CR.

USUALLY though , to get rid of confusion .. vcaa just ask

q1. what 2 stimuli are paired

Ans : The cs and the ucs.


..............

But in a SA question. Just to get rid of the "confusion" its probably better to say.
the NS is originally paired with the UCS and so , after a period of aquisition , the NS becomes the CS and thus elicits a CR.

haha, that's what I thought originally, but my teacher informed me that I was wrong...
I guess I'm going to have to check a few different sources.

Wait? lol wtf are you arguing? . lol sorry man . im lost.

It says in the gravias textbook that the NS becomes the CS after repeated pairings with the UCS ( through which acquisition has occurred).


hey you were right, about the NS being paired with the UCS...
I thought my teacher said something else, but it turns out I must have seen the cs + ucs thing somewhere else..
I'm glad I foudn the right answer before it was too late...
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 27, 2010, 06:59:16 pm
Neap 2008
question 8. according to the consolidation through, the transfer of information from
A STM to LTM occurs gradually
B STM to LTM occurs within 20 seconds
C sensory to STM occurs within 20 seconds
D working memory to LTM usually occurs after 30 minutes

In my reading I haven't came across consolidation theory mentioning working memory specifically, and I have read that the consolidation of information is gradual. don't know what NEAP says the answer was, but I at first chose A, then changed it to D as I thought "the more specific the better" - what would other people do if such a question came up in the exam?

Question 12. Hailey is studying spanish as a second language at VCE. This knowledge will be stored in her ____________ memory
A semantic
B episodic
C working
D procedural

I at first chose semantic, but again changed my answer to procedural. My reasoning behind it was that declarative memory was "knowing that" and procedural memory was "knowing how". my second decision makes less sense now, but she is learning how to speak another language. it's one of those shifty questions it seems

Question 21. Both the method of loci and narrative chaining use __________ to improve memory
A locations
B stories
C imagery
D abbreviations

I chose B as the method of loci requires you to go through the locations in order, kind of like a story which makes more sense to me than all the other answers. if not that, it likely would have been C as A and B describe what each does specifically.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 27, 2010, 07:28:36 pm
Neap 2008
question 8. according to the consolidation through, the transfer of information from
A STM to LTM occurs gradually
B STM to LTM occurs within 20 seconds
C sensory to STM occurs within 20 seconds
D working memory to LTM usually occurs after 30 minutes

In my reading I haven't came across consolidation theory mentioning working memory specifically, and I have read that the consolidation of information is gradual. don't know what NEAP says the answer was, but I at first chose A, then changed it to D as I thought "the more specific the better" - what would other people do if such a question came up in the exam?

Question 12. Hailey is studying spanish as a second language at VCE. This knowledge will be stored in her ____________ memory
A semantic
B episodic
C working
D procedural

I at first chose semantic, but again changed my answer to procedural. My reasoning behind it was that declarative memory was "knowing that" and procedural memory was "knowing how". my second decision makes less sense now, but she is learning how to speak another language. it's one of those shifty questions it seems

Question 21. Both the method of loci and narrative chaining use __________ to improve memory
A locations
B stories
C imagery
D abbreviations

I chose B as the method of loci requires you to go through the locations in order, kind of like a story which makes more sense to me than all the other answers. if not that, it likely would have been C as A and B describe what each does specifically.

28 is A.
This is because its not transferred from WM to LTM .. its transferred from SHORT TERM... they are almost the same . but they are not EXACTLY the same .. make sure u dont fall for that trap in the exam.
also .. consolidation is  GRADUAL process. So dont forget that.

12 Your right .. its a "shifty" question.
however. Semantic memory = the general knowledge of the world.
Languages are under that category. its not the memory of HOW TO SPEAK the language .. or HOW TO PRODUCE SOUND .. its the sheer fact of remembering the language .. . thus semantic seems right.

q21
The answer "should" be C.
They both use elaboration which includes VISUALIZATION and imagery to mentally associate information in order. either in a story , or attached to landmarks in a common path.
The person uses visualization/imagery to make them occur.


hope that helps
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 28, 2010, 08:40:01 pm
When describing ethical breaches in Little Albert... i say voluntary participation and withdrawal rights but i dont understand exactly how they were breached... if you just say the baby had not voluntarily participated or had no withdrawal rights, that would mean all experiments with babies would be unethical...

This is a question from 2007 TSSM.

Question 43
Which schedule of reinforcement provides the response rate that is the most resistant to extinction?
A. Variable interval schedule
B. Variable ratio schedule
C. Fixed interval schedule
D. Fixed ratio schedule

picked C answer is D....my psych teacher also told me its D...i think every prac exam question i get on this says its Fixed Ratio and i'm pretty sure i read on grivas textbook or A+ that its fixed ratio...and so does several other internet sources..

please dont let this question be on the damn exam... There would be absolute pandemonium
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 28, 2010, 08:51:32 pm
When describing ethical breaches in Little Albert... i say voluntary participation and withdrawal rights but i dont understand exactly how they were breached... if you just say the baby had not voluntarily participated or had no withdrawal rights, that would mean all experiments with babies would be unethical...

This is a question from 2007 TSSM.

Question 43
Which schedule of reinforcement provides the response rate that is the most resistant to extinction?
A. Variable interval schedule
B. Variable ratio schedule
C. Fixed interval schedule
D. Fixed ratio schedule

picked C answer is D....my psych teacher also told me its D...i think every prac exam question i get on this says its Fixed Ratio and i'm pretty sure i read on grivas textbook or A+ that its fixed ratio...and so does several other internet sources..

please dont let this question be on the damn exam... There would be absolute pandemonium

Firstly.
Studies with children such as little albert. I would mention "informed consent".
this means the parents are informed of the purpose of the study , the nature of the study and any risks associated.
also you make a good point about children , however its important to understand The parents CAN withdraw their children from anytime of the study and take their results

The MC question you posted.
I would say A . and if it comes on the exam I will be sticking with A ( variable interval).
I DEFINITELY dont think its " fixed ratio" .. maybe "variable ratio" .. defs not fixed.

hmmmm



Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: minilunchbox on October 28, 2010, 09:04:11 pm
When describing ethical breaches in Little Albert... i say voluntary participation and withdrawal rights but i dont understand exactly how they were breached... if you just say the baby had not voluntarily participated or had no withdrawal rights, that would mean all experiments with babies would be unethical...

This is a question from 2007 TSSM.

Question 43
Which schedule of reinforcement provides the response rate that is the most resistant to extinction?
A. Variable interval schedule
B. Variable ratio schedule
C. Fixed interval schedule
D. Fixed ratio schedule

picked C answer is D....my psych teacher also told me its D...i think every prac exam question i get on this says its Fixed Ratio and i'm pretty sure i read on grivas textbook or A+ that its fixed ratio...and so does several other internet sources..

please dont let this question be on the damn exam... There would be absolute pandemonium

Yeah the extinction question is definitely for a schedule that is variable, not fixed.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 28, 2010, 10:18:16 pm
what does it mean to operational???

can i just write blah blach would display more aggressive behaviour than blah blah or do i have to specify which aggressive behaviour thise is.? like swearing/fighting etc...

also i still dont understand how withdrawl rights/ voluntary participation was breached in lil alberts study :P

thanks
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 28, 2010, 10:19:35 pm
what does it mean to operational???

can i just write blah blach would display more aggressive behaviour than blah blah or do i have to specify which aggressive behaviour thise is.? like swearing/fighting etc...

also i still dont understand how withdrawl rights/ voluntary participation was breached in lil alberts study :P

thanks
Wasn't basically EVERY ethical consideration breached in little albert? You could justify any principle I reckon.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 28, 2010, 10:54:09 pm
Wasn't basically EVERY ethical consideration breached in little albert? You could justify any principle I reckon.

I agree, I think you could. there are of course, the more reliable principles that were breached though (informed consent, withdrawal rights)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: laijiawen on October 28, 2010, 11:20:51 pm
Neap 2008
Short Answer Question 2b
What is the duration of working memory?
Answer says 12-20seconds
I thought duration of working memory was up to 2 seconds?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 29, 2010, 12:02:21 am
i thought duration of working memory was exactly same as STM?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Glockmeister on October 29, 2010, 01:23:35 am
Definitely not 2 seconds - it's about 12-20 (exactly the same as STM)
Wasn't basically EVERY ethical consideration breached in little albert? You could justify any principle I reckon.

I agree, I think you could. there are of course, the more reliable principles that were breached though (informed consent, withdrawal rights)

Because of that, you're more than likely to get this as a Short Answer question - provided you can justify it, it's ok.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 29, 2010, 08:36:01 am
i thought duration of working memory was exactly same as STM?

Okay lemme just clear things up for you.

Firstly.
I think EVERY ethical principle except for "deception" was breached in the study with Lil Albert.
Dont ask me how deception wasnt? .. idk . i just read it somewhere.

Secondly
Duration of working memory = 18-20 second .. NOT 12-20 and NOT up to 2 seconds.

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 29, 2010, 10:17:41 am
Albert's mother wasn't informed of the nature/ details of the study. don't flame me, I know this is informed consent. but I think in neglecting to provide informed consent and omitting details, Watson deceived the mother. thus you could argue deception
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 29, 2010, 01:02:36 pm
a question in 2008 NEAP asked if the results of an experiment testing monkey's in a similar experiment to Harlow's could be generalised to humans. no p value accompanied the results, and I said they could not be generalised as no inferential statistics were provided and no conclusions could be drawn from descriptive statistics

right or wrong?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Glockmeister on October 29, 2010, 01:05:19 pm
a question in 2008 NEAP asked if the results of an experiment testing monkey's in a similar experiment to Harlow's could be generalised to humans. no p value accompanied the results, and I said they could not be generalised as no inferential statistics were provided and no conclusions could be drawn from descriptive statistics

right or wrong?

I'm pretty sure that's ok.

I'm also sure that it'd also mention something about the fact that monkeys were used, not humans
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 29, 2010, 01:33:25 pm
can we also mention that biological factors are more easily generalised? (according to grivas)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Glockmeister on October 29, 2010, 02:03:29 pm
Gotta be more specific than that - how is it related to the monkey example.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Bing 101 on October 29, 2010, 04:31:47 pm
How much do you think we need to know in terms of behavior modification?  Grivas uses it a little when talking about systematic desensitisation and aversion therapy and then again in a blue box in the final chapter. 
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 07:11:14 pm
systematic desensitisation can reverse classical conditioning.. i.e. phobias
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 29, 2010, 08:52:11 pm
Q1. What type of LTM is Maths stored in???

Q2. What are the differences and similarities (apart from that they improve memory) between narrative chaining and method of Loci??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 09:11:53 pm
Q1. What type of LTM is Maths stored in???

Q2. What are the differences and similarities (apart from that they improve memory) between narrative chaining and method of Loci??

1. semantic memory

2.a  similarity: they both use imagery
a difference: narrative chaining uses a story, method of loci uses a series of locations.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 29, 2010, 09:12:54 pm
q1. semantic

q2. similarities: they enhance organisation to improve storage, they organise info into a cohesive whole, can both assist the recall of information in a particular order
differences: how they organise information
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 09:21:25 pm
q1. semantic

q2. similarities: they enhance organisation to improve storage, they organise info into a cohesive whole, can both assist the recall of information in a particular order
differences: how they organise information
good point, they can both assist the recall of items in sequential order. ;)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 29, 2010, 10:30:48 pm
Kinda pissed i got a couple of questions wrong from 2009 VCAA exam... help me out please

Question 17
In terms of participant selection, should these results be generalised?
Explain your answer.

Actual answer : No, these results should not be generalised.
Any of:
• participants were selected according to who volunteered in the first 100
• participants were not randomly selected
• not every Grade 4 child had an equal chance of being selected.


My Answer: No, the results are firstly not statistically significant. The sample size is also too small(100 participants) and may not be representative of the population to be generalized.

So why is my answer wrong?? T.T
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 10:33:59 pm
Kinda pissed i got a couple of questions wrong from 2009 VCAA exam... help me out please

Question 17
In terms of participant selection, should these results be generalised?
Explain your answer.

Actual answer : No, these results should not be generalised.
Any of:
• participants were selected according to who volunteered in the first 100
• participants were not randomly selected
• not every Grade 4 child had an equal chance of being selected.


My Answer: No, the results are firstly not statistically significant. The sample size is also too small(100 participants) and may not be representative of the population to be generalized.

So why is my answer wrong?? T.T
actually a sample size of 100 is not very small at all.
and I believe if the results were not statistically significant than you are correct, they cannot be generalised.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 29, 2010, 10:37:05 pm
Kinda pissed i got a couple of questions wrong from 2009 VCAA exam... help me out please

Question 17
In terms of participant selection, should these results be generalised?
Explain your answer.

Actual answer : No, these results should not be generalised.
Any of:
• participants were selected according to who volunteered in the first 100
• participants were not randomly selected
• not every Grade 4 child had an equal chance of being selected.


My Answer: No, the results are firstly not statistically significant. The sample size is also too small(100 participants) and may not be representative of the population to be generalized.

So why is my answer wrong?? T.T

You would be right IF the question didn't include this bit "In terms of participant selection". Sample size isn't really "in terms of participant selection" and neither is statistical significance. Do you see now how the vcaa answers were all about selection? Simple mistake. You'll be sure not to make it again now I bet. haha

Hope that helps. :D
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 10:39:29 pm
Kinda pissed i got a couple of questions wrong from 2009 VCAA exam... help me out please

Question 17
In terms of participant selection, should these results be generalised?
Explain your answer.

Actual answer : No, these results should not be generalised.
Any of:
• participants were selected according to who volunteered in the first 100
• participants were not randomly selected
• not every Grade 4 child had an equal chance of being selected.


My Answer: No, the results are firstly not statistically significant. The sample size is also too small(100 participants) and may not be representative of the population to be generalized.

So why is my answer wrong?? T.T

You would be right IF the question didn't include this bit "In terms of participant selection". Sample size isn't really "in terms of participant selection" and neither is statistical significance. Do you see now how the vcaa answers were all about selection? Simple mistake. You'll be sure not to make it again now I bet. haha

Hope that helps. :D
true, didn't notice that :O my apologies.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 29, 2010, 10:43:36 pm
haha. You're a gun at psych sillysmile. No need to apologise, VCAA love to trick everyone with their wordy crap.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 29, 2010, 10:45:02 pm
i always miss the finer details...ahh silly me..

got 86/90 :P
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 10:47:07 pm
Kinda pissed i got a couple of questions wrong from 2009 VCAA exam... help me out please

Question 17
In terms of participant selection, should these results be generalised?
Explain your answer.

Actual answer : No, these results should not be generalised.
Any of:
• participants were selected according to who volunteered in the first 100
• participants were not randomly selected
• not every Grade 4 child had an equal chance of being selected.


My Answer: No, the results are firstly not statistically significant. The sample size is also too small(100 participants) and may not be representative of the population to be generalized.

So why is my answer wrong?? T.T

this statement is good.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 29, 2010, 10:48:38 pm
i always miss the finer details...ahh silly me..

got 86/90 :P
Nice work. That's a really good score!
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 10:48:48 pm
haha. You're a gun at psych sillysmile. No need to apologise, VCAA love to trick everyone with their wordy crap.
thank you :) it's my favourite subject :P
surely there will be for a high A+ for both of us ;)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 10:50:23 pm
i always miss the finer details...ahh silly me..

got 86/90 :P
the funny thing is, that I got the same mark as you for this exam when I did it:)
you seem to have improved heaps in psych!
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: laijiawen on October 29, 2010, 11:06:11 pm
Kinda pissed i got a couple of questions wrong from 2009 VCAA exam... help me out please

Question 17
In terms of participant selection, should these results be generalised?
Explain your answer.

Actual answer : No, these results should not be generalised.
Any of:
• participants were selected according to who volunteered in the first 100
• participants were not randomly selected
• not every Grade 4 child had an equal chance of being selected.


My Answer: No, the results are firstly not statistically significant. The sample size is also too small(100 participants) and may not be representative of the population to be generalized.

So why is my answer wrong?? T.T
My teacher told me if it's generalisation, you have to comment on how the participants were selected and the allocation. If participant's were not randomly selected/allocated, results cannot be generalised because it's not representative of the polulation. If it ask's for the conclusion, then you need to comment on the inferential statistics (statistically significant or not), if p-value is less than 0.05, than there is no conclusions.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 29, 2010, 11:11:13 pm
haha thx its all becuz of you guys helping me out :P
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 29, 2010, 11:12:56 pm
haha thx its all becuz of you guys helping me out :P
HAHAHHAHAHAHHA At the three smiley faces. That actually made me laugh. It's so goddam random.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 29, 2010, 11:14:45 pm
[move] :crazy2:  :angel:  :2funny:  :'(  :-*  :'(  :-\  :-X  :-[
 :P  ::) :o :idiot2:  :police:  :buck2:  :tickedoff: :)  ;D
:angel:
 ::)[/move]
 
:uglystupid2:  :smiley6600:  :buck2:  :idiot2:
:o
hmmm
[/color]

hahaha



just testing :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 30, 2010, 01:29:20 pm
hey thats cool....how do you make them go fasterr?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 30, 2010, 04:32:18 pm
hey thats cool....how do you make them go fasterr?
I don't know!! hahaha..
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: milkcarton on October 30, 2010, 07:48:47 pm
IM RUNNING OUT YOUR SCREEN
(http://www.larian.com/Site/artwork/special_03/ass_run.gif)
AS AM I
(http://clubhouse.cartoonsolutions.com/images/gifs/run_cycle.gif)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 30, 2010, 08:44:04 pm
IM RUNNING OUT YOUR SCREEN
(http://www.larian.com/Site/artwork/special_03/ass_run.gif)
AS AM I
(http://clubhouse.cartoonsolutions.com/images/gifs/run_cycle.gif)

hahahaha! +1
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 30, 2010, 09:51:19 pm
so yea i got 28 prac exams + entire checkpoints book

and 4 days to do it in...i dont think i can make it

:)

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 30, 2010, 10:10:14 pm
so yea i got 28 prac exams + entire checkpoints book

and 4 days to do it in...i dont think i can make it

:)

easy
i did 55 in under 2 weeks i think.


Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 30, 2010, 10:16:31 pm
so yea i got 28 prac exams + entire checkpoints book

and 4 days to do it in...i dont think i can make it

:)

easy
i did 55 in under 2 weeks i think.



HOLY shizz... that musta been alot of stacked papers...
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 30, 2010, 10:18:35 pm
so yea i got 28 prac exams + entire checkpoints book

and 4 days to do it in...i dont think i can make it

:)

easy
i did 55 in under 2 weeks i think.



HOLY shizz... that musta been alot of stacked papers...

My room is 100% paper atm.
cannot see any carpet wat so ever,
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 30, 2010, 10:19:11 pm
so yea i got 28 prac exams + entire checkpoints book

and 4 days to do it in...i dont think i can make it

:)

easy
i did 55 in under 2 weeks i think.



wow, is there actually 55 possible practice exams??
I have done about 16...
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 30, 2010, 10:24:35 pm
so yea i got 28 prac exams + entire checkpoints book

and 4 days to do it in...i dont think i can make it

:)

easy
i did 55 in under 2 weeks i think.



HOLY shizz... that musta been alot of stacked papers...

My room is 100% paper atm.
cannot see any carpet wat so ever,
and I thought my room was bad.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Bing 101 on October 31, 2010, 11:36:11 am
How many prac exams is enough to be considered 'prepared' for this exam?

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 31, 2010, 11:42:59 am
How many prac exams is enough to be considered 'prepared' for this exam?



Depends.
Its diff for everyone.
And depends what score you wanna get.

For full marks.
I would say .. do every paper that exists and keep doing them till you get 100% in them all.

But thats just me

"prepared" probz 5-20 ... like i said , depends what ur aiming for.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 31, 2010, 12:17:34 pm
How many prac exams is enough to be considered 'prepared' for this exam?



Depends.
Its diff for everyone.
And depends what score you wanna get.

For full marks.
I would say .. do every paper that exists and keep doing them till you get 100% in them all.

But thats just me

"prepared" probz 5-20 ... like i said , depends what ur aiming for.
matt is superpracexam man.
I think about 20 is definitely good.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Bing 101 on October 31, 2010, 12:49:09 pm
Okay good :)
Yeh I'm averaging 84-86 after doing about 26 prac exams, but to be honest I'm aiming and hoping not to drop more than 4 marks. Ambitious? yes.

What do you think about doing prac exams from 2000-2004, are they worth it? My school didn't give us heaps of prac exams and at this stage, I've only got irrelevant study design exams to do.

Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: milkcarton on October 31, 2010, 12:51:20 pm
I've done 0 and will plan to do 3 today, -sigh- I know rote-learning is bad yet I execute it.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 31, 2010, 12:52:58 pm
Okay good :)
Yeh I'm averaging 84-86 after doing about 26 prac exams, but to be honest I'm aiming and hoping not to drop more than 4 marks. Ambitious? yes.

What do you think about doing prac exams from 2000-2004, are they worth it? My school didn't give us heaps of prac exams and at this stage, I've only got irrelevant study design exams to do.



Not ambiguous.
Just get on the prac exams and Find out ur weak points.
:)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 31, 2010, 12:53:25 pm
Ohh and btw.
Checkpoints is good
but i wouldnt do individual old papers.

thats just me though hay :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 31, 2010, 03:22:08 pm
Is serial position effect only for free recall??? doesnt work in serial/cued recall??

also i dont get stimulus generalization/discrimination in OC... what is the stimuls in OC and how does it work overall?? confusing

Thanks :P
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Transcendent on October 31, 2010, 03:48:40 pm
Is serial position effect only for free recall??? doesnt work in serial/cued recall??

also i dont get stimulus generalization/discrimination in OC... what is the stimuls in OC and how does it work overall?? confusing

Thanks :P
\

on stimulus generalization and discrimination in OC, i think an example could be getting positively reinforced for doing psych homework :P and stimulus generalization could be demonstrated by getting the same positive reinforcement by doing the homework for other subjects. And stimulus discrimination would be only getting positively reinforced for doing psych homework, but not other types of homework.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 31, 2010, 04:56:06 pm
Is serial position effect only for free recall??? doesnt work in serial/cued recall??

also i dont get stimulus generalization/discrimination in OC... what is the stimuls in OC and how does it work overall?? confusing

Thanks :P

operant conditioning's main focus is on the consequences of a behaviour/ response, but where does that behaviour come from? a stimulus. just like in Classical conditioning where a behaviour is elicited by a CS or UCS, operantly conditioned behaviours require a stimulus to elicit them.

a stimulus can be the puzzle box, someone asking you to clean your room in which case you'd get a lollypop, just something that would produce an operant behaviour (a behaviour that acts on the environment to generate consequences)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 31, 2010, 06:21:32 pm
guys is music state or context dependent cue??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 31, 2010, 06:22:52 pm
guys is music state or context dependent cue??
Tough one.
Id say context but i may be wrong.

perfume = state
but music . hmmm ...
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 31, 2010, 06:23:56 pm
guys is music state or context dependent cue??
possibly both?
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 31, 2010, 06:26:18 pm
guys is music state or context dependent cue??
context I reckon..

I always think of it as:
State is internal. (physiological and psychological - e.g. being drunk, anxious, nervous)
Context is external. (things in the environment around you - e.g. buildings, trees, sounds, people)
BTW..To add some validity to that point, at Roger Edwards' lecture he also referred to state as internal and context as external..

Makes it a lot easier to differentiate between the two..
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Spreadbury on October 31, 2010, 06:33:10 pm
the physical qualities of an experience would be considered context e.g. what we saw, heard, touched, tasted etc... ^^
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 31, 2010, 06:36:14 pm
the physical qualities of an experience would be considered context e.g. what we saw, heard, touched, tasted etc... ^^
Yep that's it.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 31, 2010, 06:46:18 pm
what if music made you in a elevated and distracted state of mind..? woudnt that be state??
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 31, 2010, 06:50:32 pm
what if music made you in a elevated and distracted state of mind..? woudnt that be state??
I agree here, but I guess in this course you shouldn't be going into so much depth...
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 31, 2010, 06:59:29 pm
what if music made you in a elevated and distracted state of mind..? woudnt that be state??
Well it depends on what the question asks. Music could never be state alone but it can elicit feelings/emotions which can then act as a state cue.

If it says for example: Bobby was listening to the song "Memories" by David Guetta, and then suddenly remembered he needed to do his psychology assignment on Memory. What type of cue is this?

Then you'd say "context" as it was external. The music was in the environment.

While if it said something relating to its affects on his internal life/mood/personality the change in mood is state, for example: Bobby was listening to "Memories" by David Guetta which made him feel sad and this in turn reminded him of his dead cat. What type of cue was this feeling of sadness?

Answer: State.

However if you used this same example but changed the question to: What type of cue was the song? The answer would still be context because the song doesn't come from within.

So music is a context cue however it can trigger or elicit something within and then this feeling or emotion is a state cue.

It depends on the example. Just think. If the cue is external = context, if it's internal = state.

I'll check with my teacher if you want? Because I'm not 100% sure on this one.
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 31, 2010, 07:09:57 pm
nah its ok i gotcha... :)
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: mikee65 on October 31, 2010, 07:44:36 pm
I just read the first few posts, wouldnt variable ratio be most resistant? At least thats what Grivas says
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: matt123 on October 31, 2010, 07:50:26 pm
I just read the first few posts, wouldnt variable ratio be most resistant? At least thats what Grivas says

Grivas shows a Graph.
I would tend to think that it insists variable Interval is most resistant.

Everyone is arguing this on here. lol
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: jinny1 on October 31, 2010, 08:07:14 pm
If the exam asks you what the DV is... do you answer in operationalised form or just a basic answer??

Also does serial position effect only work in free recall??

THanks VN geniuses
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: Slumdawg on October 31, 2010, 08:39:18 pm
If the exam asks you what the DV is... do you answer in operationalised form or just a basic answer??

Also does serial position effect only work in free recall??

THanks VN geniuses
Always operationalise as it gets you into a good habit because in your hypothesis the DV must be operationalised. The assessors I don't think can take marks off but it kinda secures your mark more.

From what I'm aware of yes, serial recall only produces the primacy effect. But I haven't really looked into this in depth so you'd be better off getting a second opinion on this one..
Title: Re: Explanation on a couple of prac exam questions
Post by: sillysmile on October 31, 2010, 09:32:21 pm
If the exam asks you what the DV is... do you answer in operationalised form or just a basic answer??

Also does serial position effect only work in free recall??

THanks VN geniuses
Always operationalise as it gets you into a good habit because in your hypothesis the DV must be operationalised. The assessors I don't think can take marks off but it kinda secures your mark more.

From what I'm aware of yes, serial recall only produces the primacy effect. But I haven't really looked into this in depth so you'd be better off getting a second opinion on this one..
I really doubt that the serial position effect will be asked in relation to any method other than free recall.