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March 30, 2024, 12:30:15 am

Author Topic: VCE Biology Question Thread  (Read 3571769 times)  Share 

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vox nihili

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2895 on: September 21, 2014, 06:23:47 pm »
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probs try one/two papers first, then go back over theory?

and also, has rational drug design been removed from the course? so we don't have to know about designer drugs etc?

Rational drug design's still there
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millie96

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2896 on: September 21, 2014, 08:32:58 pm »
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Under the SD dot point of DNA tools and techniques (AOS 1 outcome 1 unit 4) it says using plasmids as gene delivery systems as a DNA tool/technique

can someone explain this? how can plasmids be used as gene delivery systems?

thanks in advance

vox nihili

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2897 on: September 21, 2014, 08:43:14 pm »
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Under the SD dot point of DNA tools and techniques (AOS 1 outcome 1 unit 4) it says using plasmids as gene delivery systems as a DNA tool/technique

can someone explain this? how can plasmids be used as gene delivery systems?

thanks in advance

Whack a gene into a plasmid using restriction endonucleases and then whack the plasmid into a cell. That's pretty much the detail you need to know. Perhaps you also need to be vaguely familiar with the fact that the gene from the plasmid can end up in chromosomal DNA
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anat0my

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2898 on: September 21, 2014, 09:22:22 pm »
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What's the difference between a branching and un-branching phylogenetic tree and how to draw each?  :)

minik

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2899 on: September 21, 2014, 09:23:52 pm »
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how would you guys define - quaternary and tertiary structure (on an exam paper)
oh, and what bonds are present secondary, quat and tertiary structures?
((just want to make sure i've got my definitions correct)

vox nihili

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2900 on: September 21, 2014, 09:27:14 pm »
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how would you guys define - quaternary and tertiary structure (on an exam paper)
oh, and what bonds are present secondary, quat and tertiary structures?
((just want to make sure i've got my definitions correct)

Primary-peptide
Secondary-hydrogen bonds
Tert/quart-hydrogen bonds, salt bridges (ionic), disulphide bonds, hydrophobic interactions, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole
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dankfrank420

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2901 on: September 21, 2014, 09:33:44 pm »
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how would you guys define - quaternary and tertiary structure (on an exam paper)
oh, and what bonds are present secondary, quat and tertiary structures?
((just want to make sure i've got my definitions correct)

primary = sequence of amino acids
secondary  = formation of alpha-helices or beta pleated sheets
tertiary = formation of function shape of protein due to disulfide bonds
quat = more than one polypeptide chain (eg. Haemoglobin)

lzxnl

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2902 on: September 21, 2014, 09:45:04 pm »
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primary = sequence of amino acids
secondary  = formation of alpha-helices or beta pleated sheets
tertiary = formation of function shape of protein due to disulfide bonds
quat = more than one polypeptide chain (eg. Haemoglobin)

Tertiary structure doesn't have to be maintained by just disulfide bonds. You can have ionic interactions between amino acid side groups.
T-rav has a much more complete list, although you'd have to remember that tertiary and quaternary structure involve the same forces, only difference coming from the number of polypeptide chains.

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lzxnl

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2903 on: September 21, 2014, 09:50:56 pm »
+3

If you were still interested, basically condensation reactions are anabolic and hence are endergonic. Synthesising a large molecule from smaller ones means you are creating new chemical bonds which requires a net input of energy.

Hydrolysis reactions are catabolic and hence exergonic. Hydrolysing a large molecule into smaller ones means you are breaking it down, and thus releasing a net amount of energy which was stored in chemical bonds.

I must add, condensation reactions aren't always endergonic. If you think of acid-base reactions as condensation reactions, they surely aren't endergonic. Synthesising a large molecule from smaller ones does, in general, require energy, but not because you're creating new chemical bonds. That in itself isn't why larger molecules require energy. Larger molecules require energy to make because molecules have an inherent tendency to want to be small. If you hydrolyse ATP, for instance, sure you're breaking a P-O-P bond, but you're actually forming a new O-P bond as well. Breaking chemical bonds always requires energy. Even F2, a molecule with a really weak bond, requires energy to break it. If chemical bonds released energy when broken...why would they form?

Just something I thought the chemistry students amongst you guys might appreciate
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Yacoubb

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2904 on: September 22, 2014, 10:08:19 am »
+1
how would you guys define - quaternary and tertiary structure (on an exam paper)
oh, and what bonds are present secondary, quat and tertiary structures?
((just want to make sure i've got my definitions correct)

The tertiary structure of a protein refers to the overall, three-dimensional conformation of a protein, resulting from interractions between the side-chains of the polypeptide chain. The tertiary structure is maintained by hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, disulfide bridges, hydrophobic interractions, dipole-dipole bonds, etc.

The quaternary structure refers to a protein made up of two or more polypeptide chains. This is maintained by a lot of the bonds involved in maintaining the tertiary structure.

Reus

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2905 on: September 22, 2014, 11:59:49 am »
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For the 2006 exam, on a question they asked for the genotypic ratio.
I answered 1 YY : 2 Yy : 1 yy

However on the assessors report their answer is 1⁄4 YY; 1⁄2 Yy; 1⁄4 yy
Is my answer considered wrong? Although I'll be doing their way from now on, but just in case I didn't, would I get the mark?

Thanks.
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millie96

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2906 on: September 22, 2014, 12:10:21 pm »
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Under human intervention in evolutionary processes, is bacterial transformation the same as gene transfer?

melons

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2907 on: September 22, 2014, 04:03:49 pm »
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For the 2006 exam, on a question they asked for the genotypic ratio.
I answered 1 YY : 2 Yy : 1 yy

However on the assessors report their answer is 1⁄4 YY; 1⁄2 Yy; 1⁄4 yy
Is my answer considered wrong? Although I'll be doing their way from now on, but just in case I didn't, would I get the mark?

Thanks.


My teachers have told me that you can present it any way you want - ratio, fraction or percentage. :)
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Reus

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2908 on: September 22, 2014, 04:07:36 pm »
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My teachers have told me that you can present it any way you want - ratio, fraction or percentage. :)
Ah alright, thank you.
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walkec

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Re: VCE Biology Question Thread
« Reply #2909 on: September 22, 2014, 04:21:43 pm »
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I'm just finishing off my notes for the course - down to hominin evolution.

Can someone please explain to me exactly what a hominoid is? I'm still confused! Specifically characteristics of hominoids for the point on the study design about "shared characteristics which define primates, hominoids, and hominins".

Thanks in advance  :)