My take (MCQ):
Question 1 (C)
Endocytosis
Question 2 (B)
Ribosomes
Question 3 (B)
RNA polymerase is attached to the promoter
Question 4 (D)
mRNA
Question 5 (A)
The activity of a protein may be affected by the temperature and pH of the environment
Question 6 (D)
Reduces acetylcholinesterase activity by reducing the number of active sites for acetylcholine to bind to
Question 7 (D)
If the temperature increases, then the bacteria will grow more quickly.
Question 8 (D)
The percentage of nutrient agar covered by bacteria
Question 9 (A)
Repeat the environment several times to find out if they would obtain the same data
Question 10 (D)
Phospholipids
Question 11 (A)
At any given time, the genes expressed in each cell may be different
Question 12 (B)
Fermentation in animals
Question 13 (B)
Oxygen concentration available to the mitochondria increases
Question 14 (A)
4 ATP produced and 2 ATP used for a net gain of 2ATP
Question 15 (C)
Light intensity is a limiting factor when the photosynthesis rate is less than 40 arbitrary units
Question 16 (D)
In the cytosol
Question 17 (C)
Neutrotransmitters: producers a rapid response; hormones: can target many cells or organs at once, but are not the most rapid; pheromones: can affect another organism at a distance; cytokines: targets nearby cells during inflammation
Question 18 (B)
A decrease in apoptosis, resulting in increased survival of pre-cancer cells
Question 19 (D)
T cytotoxic cells
Question 20 (A)
Enzymes that break down the microorganism are released into the vesicle
Question 21 (C)
Generation of memory cells
Question 22 (B)
The myelin sheath around nerve cells
Question 23 (B)
Loss of effective function of the adaptive immune system
Question 24 (B)
T.Lineatus
Question 25 (D)
T.flavidus and T. lineatus diverged to form two distinct species 25 million years ago
Question 26 (C)
The frequency of each allele is equal in Generation 1 but not in other generations
Question 27 (C)
Selective breeding
Question 28 (C)
A trace fossil
Question 29 (D)
Five
Question 30 (B)
Neuraminidase
Question 31 (A)
The enzyme needed for ongoing virus replication
Question 32 (D)
H.floresiensis
Question 33 (D)
Decreasing size of canines, decreasing size of zygomatic arch, increasingly bowl-shaped pelvis, increasing arch of feet
Question 34 (B)
Stops cell wall synthesis in bacteria
Question 35 (B)
Simple bacterial infections may become life-threatening for patients
Question 36 (A)
Transgenic organism
Question 37 (C)
Negative impacts on ecosystems could be reduced
Question 38 (A)
Joins two DNA fragments together by forming phosphodiester bonds between the two fragments
Question 39 (C)
Number of restriction sites cut: 4; number of DNA fragments produced: 4
Question 40 (A)
The presence of an opposable thumb