ATAR Notes: Forum

VCE Stuff => VCE Science => VCE Mathematics/Science/Technology => VCE Subjects + Help => VCE Psychology => Topic started by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 02:45:37 pm

Title: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 02:45:37 pm
hey there, I have created this thread for purpose of ease, as having many different topics can be.... harder :P
if anybody wishes to ask questions here, please feel free.

my accumulation of questions:
1. is info mainly stored within STM in an acoustic form? while rarely being stored in the form of images?
2. could working memory be desrcribed as an alternative model to STM
3. what is an example of a task that the central executive would be responsible for?
4. what are some examples of tasks related to the phonological loop, and also the visuospatial sketchpad?
5. In regards to the serial position effect, could later items be described as being proactively interefered with.
6. defense mechanisms are unconscious, true?
7. how could the limitations of the decay theory be explained?
8. with the forgetting curve how much info is lost after 30 mins, 1hr, 2hrs and 8hrs?

thanks heaps :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 03:03:37 pm
.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 01, 2010, 03:17:54 pm
hey there, I have created this thread for purpose of ease, as having many different topics can be.... harder :P
if anybody wishes to ask questions here, please feel free.

my accumulation of questions:
1. is info mainly stored within STM in an acoustic form? while rarely being stored in the form of images?
2. could working memory be desrcribed as an alternative model to STM
3. what is an example of a task that the central executive would be responsible for?
4. what are some examples of tasks related to the phonological loop, and also the visuospatial sketchpad?
5. In regards to the serial position effect, could later items be described as being proactively interefered with.
6. defense mechanisms are unconscious, true?
7. how could the limitations of the decay theory be explained?
8. with the forgetting curve how much info is lost after 30 mins, 1hr, 2hrs and 8hrs?

thanks heaps :)
This is just of the top of my head, don't have a book with me so it could be wrong :S

1)Yes, STM = acoustic while LTM = visual

2) Yes. The only difference between STM and working memory is the inclusion of the central executive.

3) Central executive integrates information from the visuo-spatial sketchpad and phonological loop, so to be able to read a word aloud from a book the central executive must integrate the visual image of the word (via the visuo-spatial sketchpad) with the auditory sound (via the phonological loop).

4) Visuo-spatial sketchpad example could be reading a book. Phonological loop would be listening to a conversation, you would need to keep certain phrases in STM then you process it and then respond accordingly.

5) Hmmm well technically yes, but the recency effect produces a slightly stronger correct recall rate so I don't know why you'd argue with proactive interference. I've never heard them mentioned together so I wouldn't start now.

6) Defence mechanisms? Where does this fit into the course? I think I've heard a bit about it but I can't remember much. Hasn't popped up on any exams, that I can recall so I wouldn't worry about it.

8) After 20 minutes 40% of the information is lost, after one hour approx 55% is lost, after 8 hours approx 65% is lost... Not 100% sure on these though cos it's just from my memory. I only know the figures for 20 mins, 1 hr, 8 hrs and 31 days, these are usually what they ask for.

Woops. Didn't realise I skipped Q7. Seems like the other person has it covered anyway
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: bpexpress on November 01, 2010, 03:18:52 pm
hey there, I have created this thread for purpose of ease, as having many different topics can be.... harder :P
if anybody wishes to ask questions here, please feel free.

my accumulation of questions:
1. is info mainly stored within STM in an acoustic form? while rarely being stored in the form of images?
2. could working memory be desrcribed as an alternative model to STM
3. what is an example of a task that the central executive would be responsible for?
4. what are some examples of tasks related to the phonological loop, and also the visuospatial sketchpad?
5. In regards to the serial position effect, could later items be described as being proactively interefered with.
6. defense mechanisms are unconscious, true?
7. how could the limitations of the decay theory be explained?
8. with the forgetting curve how much info is lost after 30 mins, 1hr, 2hrs and 8hrs?

thanks heaps :)
1. I don't think that one is any more than the other, but I'm not sure :P
2. Yes, I think it describes STM in more detail, but essentially is the same.
3. It's responsible for suppressing irrelevant information from entering conscious awareness (eg. me thinking about PE information when answering these questions)
4. These are gonna be crap examples but you get the jist of it. Phonological loop: thinking about the sound of birds tweeting, visuospatial sketchpad: remembering exactly where on your desk you put your pencil
5. If items at the end of the list are not remembered it COULD possibly be due to the fact that it was RETROactively interfered with what someone has said after you learned the list, but is more likely due to STM duration.
6. They're reflex, so I'm assume that yes, they're unconscious.
7. there's a few reasons, 1 being that there's no evidence of a physical memory trace, and another being that some people can remember things, given the right retrieval cue eg. someone remembering their childhood experiences upon returning to their childhood home despite not having thought about it for many many years.
8. 58% of information is retained after 20 minutes, 44% is retained after 1 hour, 34% is retained after 24 hours and around 21% after a week or something.

Correct me if I'm wrong. Those were all off the top of my head, so yeah..might be mistakes
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 05:36:43 pm
both of your answers where very good, thanks guys :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Visionz on November 01, 2010, 06:19:52 pm
For Question 1 Encoding techniques has found with STM semantic encoding is more common than visual encoding. /quote LISACHEM 2010
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 01, 2010, 08:16:36 pm
My questions..:

Q1. What is an example of relearning??

Q2. In terms of LTM deterioration of older people would you say : Procedural is fine but declarative is affected OR only mainly episodic memory is affected.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 01, 2010, 08:23:51 pm
My questions..:

Q1. What is an example of relearning??

Q2. In terms of LTM deterioration of older people would you say : Procedural is fine but declarative is affected OR only mainly episodic memory is affected.

1) A person who learnt units 3+4 VCE psychology in year 11 and got a bad score could repeat the subject in year 12 and thus would be "relearning" the information and hence would learn the information quicker the second time and this could be calculated via a savings score.

2) You would say "episodic memory", you need to be specific  As semantic isn't affected much and declarative includes both semantic and episodic so it wouldn't be right to say "declarative" since it encompasses both systems. :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 01, 2010, 08:36:32 pm
TSSM 2010
Question 17
As people age they are likely to experience memory decline in
A. episodic and procedural memory.
B. declarative but not procedural memory.
C. declarative and procedural memory.
D. episodic but not procedural memory.

so i picked D but its C..

also when you relearn something, do you use recall/recognition to get the original score?? also people say if you learn it quicker then you have used relearning, what do they mean by quicker??? how can you measure how fast you have learnt something?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 01, 2010, 09:07:38 pm
from what i've read studies have shown none to verrrrrrrrrrrrry little decline in procedural.
if it was vcaa the answer would be D as i'm sure they say:
episodic = declines the most
semantic = declines somewhat, yet not significantly
procedural = little to no decline.

how fast you have learnt something ie.
a person learns first year french,
20 years later they decide to relearn the french and manage to learn the whole first years course in 4 months.
because, they're relearning.

also there's the equation to measure this which is:
((number of trials to learn information originally - number of trials to relearn information)
number of trials to learn information originally)x100
with the equation an example could be a list of 10 words.
takes a person 4 times to learn it originally and repeat it correctly. next week it takes them only 2 trials; then use the equation.


sorry if that equation is hard to understand... not good at writing out maths on a computer :buck2:
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 09:36:07 pm
for relearning, check this link out.

look down   :D

Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 01, 2010, 09:53:00 pm
Thanks :)

btw is punishment used in skinner box experiment or just negative/positive reinforcement?

only like 2 days left til the exam!!!OMG
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 10:01:15 pm
Thanks :)

btw is punishment used in skinner box experiment or just negative/positive reinforcement?

only like 2 days left til the exam!!!OMG
I think so.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 01, 2010, 10:06:10 pm
Thanks :)

btw is punishment used in skinner box experiment or just negative/positive reinforcement?

only like 2 days left til the exam!!!OMG
I would say just + and - reinforcement only. Think about it. The mild electric shock that the rats received was stopped whenever they pressed the lever (this is - reinforcement as it involves the removal of an aversive stimulus i.e. the electric shock). But then they could also press the lever and get food pellets which is then positive reinforcement. But there wasn't any punishment. Skinner always tried to increase the behaviour of the rats i.e. pressing the lever.

That's just my understanding of it. And on the 2010 Neap exam the answer to this question is + and - rein. only.

Hope that helps.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 01, 2010, 10:07:36 pm
Thanks :)

btw is punishment used in skinner box experiment or just negative/positive reinforcement?

only like 2 days left til the exam!!!OMG
I would say just + and - reinforcement only. Think about it. The mild electric shock that the rats received was stopped whenever they pressed the lever (this is - reinforcement as it involves the removal of an aversive stimulus i.e. the electric shock). But then they could also press the lever and get food pellets which is then positive reinforcement. But there wasn't any punishment. Skinner always tried to increase the behaviour of the rats i.e. pressing the lever.

That's just my understanding of it. And on the 2010 Neap exam the answer to this question is + and - rein. only.

Hope that helps.
ah ok, that's good to know :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Hope on November 02, 2010, 02:00:02 am
TSSM 2010
Question 17
As people age they are likely to experience memory decline in
A. episodic and procedural memory.
B. declarative but not procedural memory.
C. declarative and procedural memory.
D. episodic but not procedural memory.

so i picked D but its C..

also when you relearn something, do you use recall/recognition to get the original score?? also people say if you learn it quicker then you have used relearning, what do they mean by quicker??? how can you measure how fast you have learnt something?

You sure it's C? The answer is B
Question 17
Answer: B
Explanation:
As people age they are likely to experience memory decline in declarative but not
procedural memory. (Note that D is partially correct but B is more correct because it
includes semantic memories, which also decline).
And I picked D as well.
Episodic - easily lost but semantic isn't so to say declarative in general would be incorrect wouldn't it?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 07:17:01 am
TSSM 2010
Question 17
As people age they are likely to experience memory decline in
A. episodic and procedural memory.
B. declarative but not procedural memory.
C. declarative and procedural memory.
D. episodic but not procedural memory.

so i picked D but its C..

also when you relearn something, do you use recall/recognition to get the original score?? also people say if you learn it quicker then you have used relearning, what do they mean by quicker??? how can you measure how fast you have learnt something?

You sure it's C? The answer is B
Question 17
Answer: B
Explanation:
As people age they are likely to experience memory decline in declarative but not
procedural memory. (Note that D is partially correct but B is more correct because it
includes semantic memories, which also decline).
And I picked D as well.
Episodic - easily lost but semantic isn't so to say declarative in general would be incorrect wouldn't it?
yep, you are right :)


Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 07:30:37 am
5. Which one of the following is a possible explanation of why forgetting occurs?

A. Memory fades through overuse over time
B. Suitable retrieval cues are not used.
C. Material has been attended to in STM.
D. The subject is motivated to remember.

I chose A, as the question states possible explanation, but B was labelled as the correct answer.
I thought, that in regards to the retrieval failure theory, info is not actually forgotten, but just temporarily inaccessible due to poor cues.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 02, 2010, 09:50:29 am
B, retrieval failure theory
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: akira88 on November 02, 2010, 10:19:22 am
5. Which one of the following is a possible explanation of why forgetting occurs?

A. Memory fades through overuse over time
B. Suitable retrieval cues are not used.
C. Material has been attended to in STM.
D. The subject is motivated to remember.

I chose A, as the question states possible explanation, but B was labelled as the correct answer.
I thought, that in regards to the retrieval failure theory, info is not actually forgotten, but just temporarily inaccessible due to poor cues.
Note that A says OVERUSE not disuse. Lol.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 10:55:52 am
hahahahahaha silly sillysmile...

dw i make those mistakes all da timee
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 11:17:52 am
5. Which one of the following is a possible explanation of why forgetting occurs?

A. Memory fades through overuse over time
B. Suitable retrieval cues are not used.
C. Material has been attended to in STM.
D. The subject is motivated to remember.

I chose A, as the question states possible explanation, but B was labelled as the correct answer.
I thought, that in regards to the retrieval failure theory, info is not actually forgotten, but just temporarily inaccessible due to poor cues.
Note that A says OVERUSE not disuse. Lol.
true :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Glockmeister on November 02, 2010, 11:20:01 am
5. Which one of the following is a possible explanation of why forgetting occurs?

A. Memory fades through overuse over time
B. Suitable retrieval cues are not used.
C. Material has been attended to in STM.
D. The subject is motivated to remember.

I chose A, as the question states possible explanation, but B was labelled as the correct answer.
I thought, that in regards to the retrieval failure theory, info is not actually forgotten, but just temporarily inaccessible due to poor cues.
Note that A says OVERUSE not disuse. Lol.
true :)

Hence the lesson of the day - always read the MCQs carefully.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 11:27:08 am
try this question out:

Freda's dog Jip, always used to bark fiercely at the postman. Fiona trained Jip not to bark by squirting water in his face every time he barked. Soon Jip ran away to the back of the garden when the post was delivered.
After the whole family, including Jip, had spend four weeks at the beach over summer, Fiona noticed that Jip barked at the postman again on the first day back home.

Jip started to bark again after they returned from the beach is showing
A. acquisition of a learned response
B. extinction of a learned response
C. generalisation of a learned response
D. relearning of a learned response

additionaly, do adults usually experience difficulty forming new memories as they reach old age?


also, has anybody heard observational learning described as the "social learning theory"?




thank you :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 11:28:36 am
5. Which one of the following is a possible explanation of why forgetting occurs?

A. Memory fades through overuse over time
B. Suitable retrieval cues are not used.
C. Material has been attended to in STM.
D. The subject is motivated to remember.

I chose A, as the question states possible explanation, but B was labelled as the correct answer.
I thought, that in regards to the retrieval failure theory, info is not actually forgotten, but just temporarily inaccessible due to poor cues.
Note that A says OVERUSE not disuse. Lol.
true :)

Hence the lesson of the day - always read the MCQs carefully.
it does get a little hard to concentrate at 12:30 at night, after hours of studying..
but yes you are definitely correct, as most of my marks are lost from not properly reading the question.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: studying_hard on November 02, 2010, 11:45:37 am
Question 13
Bronwyn played tennis in a district competition and was able to remember the names of the girls she played
against each time they played. One evening at a party she saw a girl she recognised but whose name she could
not recall. When the girl mentioned that she played tennis in the same district competition Bronwyn was able
to recall the girl’s name.
In this case, playing tennis was a _____________ cue which helped Bronwyn recall the girl’s name.
A. recency
B. primacy
C. state dependent
D. context dependent
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 11:58:09 am
Question 13
Bronwyn played tennis in a district competition and was able to remember the names of the girls she played
against each time they played. One evening at a party she saw a girl she recognised but whose name she could
not recall. When the girl mentioned that she played tennis in the same district competition Bronwyn was able
to recall the girl’s name.
In this case, playing tennis was a _____________ cue which helped Bronwyn recall the girl’s name.
A. recency
B. primacy
C. state dependent
D. context dependent

this was a little confusing, but D, as the context of the district tennis competition acted as a retrieval cue.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 12:01:25 pm
try this question out:

Freda's dog Jip, always used to bark fiercely at the postman. Fiona trained Jip not to bark by squirting water in his face every time he barked. Soon Jip ran away to the back of the garden when the post was delivered.
After the whole family, including Jip, had spend four weeks at the beach over summer, Fiona noticed that Jip barked at the postman again on the first day back home.

Jip started to bark again after they returned from the beach is showing
A. acquisition of a learned response
B. extinction of a learned response
C. generalisation of a learned response
D. relearning of a learned response

additionaly, do adults usually experience difficulty forming new memories as they reach old age?


also, has anybody heard observational learning described as the "social learning theory"?




thank you :)
B
IDK
you dont need to know but that was in trials for teachers exam :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: studying_hard on November 02, 2010, 12:01:38 pm
Question 13
Bronwyn played tennis in a district competition and was able to remember the names of the girls she played
against each time they played. One evening at a party she saw a girl she recognised but whose name she could
not recall. When the girl mentioned that she played tennis in the same district competition Bronwyn was able
to recall the girl’s name.
In this case, playing tennis was a _____________ cue which helped Bronwyn recall the girl’s name.
A. recency
B. primacy
C. state dependent
D. context dependent

this was a little confusing, but D, as the context of the district tennis competition acted as a retrieval cue.
haha your correct again. I was sure it was C. Don't you have to be in the same physical environment for it it to be context?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 12:43:35 pm
try this question out:

Freda's dog Jip, always used to bark fiercely at the postman. Fiona trained Jip not to bark by squirting water in his face every time he barked. Soon Jip ran away to the back of the garden when the post was delivered.
After the whole family, including Jip, had spend four weeks at the beach over summer, Fiona noticed that Jip barked at the postman again on the first day back home.

Jip started to bark again after they returned from the beach is showing
A. acquisition of a learned response
B. extinction of a learned response
C. generalisation of a learned response
D. relearning of a learned response

additionaly, do adults usually experience difficulty forming new memories as they reach old age?


also, has anybody heard observational learning described as the "social learning theory"?




thank you :)
B
IDK
you dont need to know but that was in trials for teachers exam :)
I just realised why it's B, the behaviour of barking at the postman has spontaneously recovered
but the behaviour of not barking has been extinguished...
didn't see that before :)
and yeah, I just did a trials for teachers exam.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 12:48:56 pm
Question 13
Bronwyn played tennis in a district competition and was able to remember the names of the girls she played
against each time they played. One evening at a party she saw a girl she recognised but whose name she could
not recall. When the girl mentioned that she played tennis in the same district competition Bronwyn was able
to recall the girl’s name.
In this case, playing tennis was a _____________ cue which helped Bronwyn recall the girl’s name.
A. recency
B. primacy
C. state dependent
D. context dependent

this was a little confusing, but D, as the context of the district tennis competition acted as a retrieval cue.
haha your correct again. I was sure it was C. Don't you have to be in the same physical environment for it it to be context?
I'm not totally sure, but I assume that imagining the physical enviromnent is sufficient.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 12:51:26 pm
IT's D because Bronwyn could not remember her name when in a different place (the party), so it referred to the setting..

Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: mikee65 on November 02, 2010, 01:36:10 pm
^ yea
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 02, 2010, 01:57:24 pm
I love how Freda suddenly turns into Fiona in that example. haha I did that practice exam yesterday!

And in the 2006 assessor's report Q40 MC comments on "social learning theory".
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 02:14:11 pm
How can i explain Anterorgrade Amnesia in terms of consolidation theory??

Is this right???

Explain how stimulus generalisation is different
in classical conditioning compared to operant
conditioning.

Answer:

In classical conditioning the conditioned response
occurs to stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus,
whereas in operant conditioning behaviours similar to
the original behaviour are also produced in the hope
that they will also be reinforced
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: studying_hard on November 02, 2010, 04:52:42 pm
Question 13
Bronwyn played tennis in a district competition and was able to remember the names of the girls she played
against each time they played. One evening at a party she saw a girl she recognised but whose name she could
not recall. When the girl mentioned that she played tennis in the same district competition Bronwyn was able
to recall the girl’s name.
In this case, playing tennis was a _____________ cue which helped Bronwyn recall the girl’s name.
A. recency
B. primacy
C. state dependent
D. context dependent

this was a little confusing, but D, as the context of the district tennis competition acted as a retrieval cue.
haha your correct again. I was sure it was C. Don't you have to be in the same physical environment for it it to be context?
I'm not totally sure, but I assume that imagining the physical enviromnent is sufficient.
but wouldnt that be her mental state?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Bing 101 on November 02, 2010, 04:57:18 pm
Consolidation theory proposes that a physiological change to the brains neurons must occur in order for memories to be stored in LTM.Anterograde amnesia is a form of memory loss that effects the ability to create new memories after the time of brain damage, meaning the individual may have difficulty in 'consolidating' memories into LTM.

^ Something along those lines, perhaps??

What about if they ask 'what are the differences between behaviour due to maturation and reflex actions?'


Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: ohyeah on November 02, 2010, 06:56:56 pm
Question 13
Bronwyn played tennis in a district competition and was able to remember the names of the girls she played
against each time they played. One evening at a party she saw a girl she recognised but whose name she could
not recall. When the girl mentioned that she played tennis in the same district competition Bronwyn was able
to recall the girl’s name.
In this case, playing tennis was a _____________ cue which helped Bronwyn recall the girl’s name.
A. recency
B. primacy
C. state dependent
D. context dependent

this was a little confusing, but D, as the context of the district tennis competition acted as a retrieval cue.
haha your correct again. I was sure it was C. Don't you have to be in the same physical environment for it it to be context?
I'm not totally sure, but I assume that imagining the physical enviromnent is sufficient.
but wouldnt that be her mental state?
Nah cus no feelings or w/e are being evoked. It's pretty objective and if it were state dependent the question would most likely outline whatever state she were experiencing.

Consolidation theory proposes that a physiological change to the brains neurons must occur in order for memories to be stored in LTM.Anterograde amnesia is a form of memory loss that effects the ability to create new memories after the time of brain damage, meaning the individual may have difficulty in 'consolidating' memories into LTM.

^ Something along those lines, perhaps??

What about if they ask 'what are the differences between behaviour due to maturation and reflex actions?'
Behaviour due to maturation occur when a person is physically or psychologically "ready" to perform the behaviour while reflex actions are innate reactions that occur automatically to specific stimuli.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 02, 2010, 08:05:20 pm
maturation are completely reliant on the stage of development a person is at whereas reflexes are innate.
ie. a baby can only walk once it is at that stage of development, yet if something is coming towards its eye it will reflexifly close, reflexes don't start at a certain age.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 02, 2010, 08:25:58 pm
Someone please help with CSE 2008.
Which of the following is most true about memory in the elderly.

A. Short term memory tasks are affected by age.
B. Free recall tasks are affected by age.
C. Storage of memory items in memory is influenced by age.
D. Recognition tasks are affected by age.

I chose A but answer was B. I thought age would affect the processing speed of information (slowing of CNS) which is during our conscious awareness (STM)?

Jodie was grounded for being rude to her parents.
In the scenario above, which of the following if any, represents negative reinforcement
A. Jodie was in her room and could no longer hear her parents nagging.
B. Jodie was prevented from going out with her friends.
C. Jodie was physically punished for her rudeness.
D. None of the above represents negative reinforcement.

I chose D but answer was A. I thought negative reinforcement increases the chance of behaviour occurring again... nothing to do with A.
 
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 08:31:00 pm
Jodie was grounded for being rude to her parents.
In the scenario above, which of the following if any, represents negative reinforcement
A. Jodie was in her room and could no longer hear her parents nagging.
B. Jodie was prevented from going out with her friends.
C. Jodie was physically punished for her rudeness.
D. None of the above represents negative reinforcement.

I chose D but answer was A. I thought negative reinforcement increases the chance of behaviour occurring again... nothing to do with A.
 

she was being negatively reinforced because she couldn't hear her parents abuse...
so it's suggesting that she wanted to get away from them, and did.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 02, 2010, 08:43:00 pm
Jodie was grounded for being rude to her parents.
In the scenario above, which of the following if any, represents negative reinforcement
A. Jodie was in her room and could no longer hear her parents nagging.
B. Jodie was prevented from going out with her friends.
C. Jodie was physically punished for her rudeness.
D. None of the above represents negative reinforcement.

I chose D but answer was A. I thought negative reinforcement increases the chance of behaviour occurring again... nothing to do with A.
 

she was being negatively reinforced because she couldn't hear her parents abuse...
so it's suggesting that she wanted to get away from them, and did.
oh I get you now. whatabout the first?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 08:48:00 pm
Someone please help with CSE 2008.
Which of the following is most true about memory in the elderly.

A. Short term memory tasks are affected by age.
B. Free recall tasks are affected by age.
C. Storage of memory items in memory is influenced by age.
D. Recognition tasks are affected by age.

I chose A but answer was B. I thought age would affect the processing speed of information (slowing of CNS) which is during our conscious awareness (STM)

there are some questions where one answer is better than another seemingly correct answer, I guess impaired free recall ability is just a more evident effect of ageing


also,  simple STM tasks are less affected then complex STM tasks.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 08:48:46 pm
but to be honest, that was a pretty stupid question, and by a pretty unreliable company.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 08:49:10 pm
STM is affected but it is too broad as not everything in STM is affected...however free recall is definitely afffected...

Mine is : Neap 2008 research Q5.B

b. What conclusion could Dr Kitchens infer from this result?

Solution
That the results of the study are statistically significant, that the teaching method used for
Group 2 was more effective and that this result could be generalised to the wider population
from which the sample was draw

Which info allows you to make generalizations and state if the hypothesis was supported

Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 08:51:43 pm
STM is affected but it is too broad as not everything in STM is affected...however free recall is definitely afffected...

Mine is : Neap 2008 research Q5.B

b. What conclusion could Dr Kitchens infer from this result?

Solution
That the results of the study are statistically significant, that the teaching method used for
Group 2 was more effective and that this result could be generalised to the wider population
from which the sample was draw

Which info allows you to make generalizations and state if the hypothesis was supported



inferential statistics.
e.g. a p-value.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Bing 101 on November 02, 2010, 08:54:32 pm
STM is affected but it is too broad as not everything in STM is affected...however free recall is definitely afffected...

Mine is : Neap 2008 research Q5.B

b. What conclusion could Dr Kitchens infer from this result?

Solution
That the results of the study are statistically significant, that the teaching method used for
Group 2 was more effective and that this result could be generalised to the wider population
from which the sample was draw

Which info allows you to make generalizations and state if the hypothesis was supported



Generalisation can be made if the results are statistically significant (inferential statistics) and the sample is representative of the population.

A conclusion is just a judgment on the findings of the study and all you really need is a t test of significance and a hypothesis to either be supported or rejected.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 02, 2010, 10:10:46 pm
What is systematic desensitisation .
Is it examinable?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 10:14:58 pm
need to do whole checkpoints book tomoz ....how long does it take on average??
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 02, 2010, 10:18:06 pm
lawl
checkpoints takes awhile
and has some irrelevancies
but took me a few days
however i only ever did it while sitting on my couch watching tv
multis are quick
but if you don't think you'll have time
just do SA is my suggestion
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 10:33:47 pm
aww man... that cost me $28, would be a waste if i dont finish it..

:(
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 10:36:05 pm
aww man... that cost me $28, would be a waste if i dont finish it..

:(
don't worry, I bought some stuff that I'm not going to use either..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 02, 2010, 10:37:01 pm
aww man... that cost me $28, would be a waste if i dont finish it..

:(
Is it worth your score? haha. If you don't think it will help don't do it. Only do sections you need help with (I have some practice exams that I really wanna do cos I feel really bad about wasting them but I know they won't do much so I'm focusing on other stuff). At least you've got extra material for a burning book bonfire...Triple B.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 02, 2010, 10:37:59 pm
well if you're not a procrastinator i don't doubt that you could finish it :) i know with my severe lack of motivation i wouldn't be able to.
maybe start with your weakest AOS just incase you don't finish? so that at least you will have done the bit that you find the hardest if you don't get it all done :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 10:39:39 pm
well if you're not a procrastinator i don't doubt that you could finish it :) i know with my severe lack of motivation i wouldn't be able to.
maybe start with your weakest AOS just incase you don't finish? so that at least you will have done the bit that you find the hardest if you don't get it all done :)
tbh, I don't know that cramming all of that on the day before the exam is such a good idea..
have you written notes? (jinny)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 10:42:09 pm
errr.. i dont write notes :D

why do you ask?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: minilunchbox on November 02, 2010, 10:44:26 pm
need to do whole checkpoints book tomoz ....how long does it take on average??

Eh, Checkpoints is just VCAA exams. If you've already done the current VCAA exams, then just skip those questions in the book. Then you'll only have a handful of questions left to do (relevant questions from exams from previous study designs).

Shouldn't take too long.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 10:46:08 pm
omg today is last day of revision...so what is the best way to prepare for D-DAY??

what are you guys planning to do??
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 10:50:07 pm
omg today is last day of revision...so what is the best way to prepare for D-DAY??

what are you guys planning to do??
I'm just going to go over my notes, and my teacher organized a revision class.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 10:51:50 pm
so no new exams??

i still havnt done 06,07,08 vcaa exams :P
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 02, 2010, 10:53:27 pm
so no new exams??

i still havnt done 06,07,08 vcaa exams :P
it's okay to do one...
but I wouldn't go to hard if I was you..
just try to make sure you understand everything and have some good definitions ready.
EDIT: then again, I'm me and you're you, maybe you work better the other way ;)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 02, 2010, 10:56:05 pm
the whole 'content review' bit... don't waste time writing out the answers to all that.
see if there's any you don't know and work over them, the stuff you know well you should be fine with by now without wasting time on them :)    just look out for specific things...
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: minilunchbox on November 02, 2010, 11:05:25 pm
omg today is last day of revision...so what is the best way to prepare for D-DAY??

what are you guys planning to do??

-Methods.
-Review glossary.
-Methods.
-Do one or two psych exams.
-Methods.
-More methods.
-Read over lots and lots and lots of notes.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 02, 2010, 11:06:41 pm
I'd do 2007 MC and then 2008 short answer of VCAA if I were you. I think they are pretty good.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 02, 2010, 11:07:13 pm
What is systematic desensitisation .
Is it examinable?
aww, could someone help me with this?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 02, 2010, 11:08:43 pm
and what would you guys recommend doing for reading time, the old nail scratching mc answers so we get a headstart, or reading sa and formulating answers. or both?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 02, 2010, 11:15:44 pm
What is systematic desensitisation .
Is it examinable?
aww, could someone help me with this?
I highly doubt they would ask that as I've never seen it in any vcaa paper from this study design. However, if they do it refers to a process of therapy where feared objects or phobias are gradually introduced in the presence of something relaxing or during relaxation exercises with the aim of reducing the fear. So the person will learn to associate the "scary" object with something relaxing and hence it should reduce their fright or phobia of the object.

I usually go through the entire MC section during reading (I wouldn't cheat though with the thumb nail thing - I'd feel bad, you can do it if you want though I don't really mind) then once writing time starts I'm usually able to get through the MC in just under 10 minutes. So then I have an hour and 20 minutes to do short answer. Seems to have worked so far. If you have more time during reading time you should look at SA too. This is just my method btw..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 11:23:23 pm
and what would you guys recommend doing for reading time, the old nail scratching mc answers so we get a headstart, or reading sa and formulating answers. or both?

i have short nails :(
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 02, 2010, 11:28:41 pm
and what would you guys recommend doing for reading time, the old nail scratching mc answers so we get a headstart, or reading sa and formulating answers. or both?

i have short nails :(
saliva on fingers to produce a mark on an answer. muahahahha.

What is systematic desensitisation .
Is it examinable?
aww, could someone help me with this?
I highly doubt they would ask that as I've never seen it in any vcaa paper from this study design. However, if they do it refers to a process of therapy where feared objects or phobias are gradually introduced in the presence of something relaxing or during relaxation exercises with the aim of reducing the fear. So the person will learn to associate the "scary" object with something relaxing and hence it should reduce their fright or phobia of the object.

I usually go through the entire MC section during reading (I wouldn't cheat though with the thumb nail thing - I'd feel bad, you can do it if you want though I don't really mind) then once writing time starts I'm usually able to get through the MC in just under 10 minutes. So then I have an hour and 20 minutes to do short answer. Seems to have worked so far. If you have more time during reading time you should look at SA too. This is just my method btw..
thanks, nice explanation.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 02, 2010, 11:35:16 pm
My fingers taste like fish...  :(
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 07:29:57 am
My fingers taste like fish...  :(
it's simple, those aren't your fingers!
you are eating fish fingers :P
I don't recommend cheating jinny, you can do well without that..
get some good sleep tonight though.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 03, 2010, 10:17:39 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 03, 2010, 10:29:34 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age

I'd go with C.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 03, 2010, 10:39:02 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age

I'd go with C.
why cant it be d?
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 11:04:48 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age

I'd go with C.
why cant it be d?
because the reduced memory ability of older aged people is usually due to physiological (organic) causes
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 03, 2010, 11:05:07 am
"Forgetting that occurs through physiological damage or dilapidation to the brain are referred to as organic causes of forgetting. These theories encompass the loss of information already retained in long term memory or the inability to encode new information again. Examples include Alzheimer's, Amnesia, Dementia, consolidation theory and the gradual slowing down of the central nervous system due to ageing." I don't see anything about psychological trauma and that would be associated with motivated forgetting i.e. repression and suppression not an organic cause..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 03, 2010, 11:09:15 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age

I'd go with C.
why cant it be d?
because the reduced memory ability of older aged people is usually due to physiological (organic) causes

ah that make sense, thankyou
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: JackMichaelson on November 03, 2010, 11:10:02 am
"Forgetting that occurs through physiological damage or dilapidation to the brain are referred to as organic causes of forgetting. These theories encompass the loss of information already retained in long term memory or the inability to encode new information again. Examples include Alzheimer's, Amnesia, Dementia, consolidation theory and the gradual slowing down of the central nervous system due to ageing." I don't see anything about psychological trauma and that would be associated with motivated forgetting i.e. repression and suppression not an organic cause..
yeah, i got confused of the "not" word
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 11:12:20 am
"Forgetting that occurs through physiological damage or dilapidation to the brain are referred to as organic causes of forgetting. These theories encompass the loss of information already retained in long term memory or the inability to encode new information again. Examples include Alzheimer's, Amnesia, Dementia, consolidation theory and the gradual slowing down of the central nervous system due to ageing." I don't see anything about psychological trauma and that would be associated with motivated forgetting i.e. repression and suppression not an organic cause..
yeah, i got confused of the "not" word

haha yeah I didn't read this question properly at first either!
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: matt123 on November 03, 2010, 11:26:12 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age

I'd go with C.
why cant it be d?
because the reduced memory ability of older aged people is usually due to physiological (organic) causes

ah that make sense, thankyou

LOL what?
Id go with D.
Truama can cause "brain damage" If its extreme.
Old age isnt physiological brain damage.

Hmmm i think im just stressed and over thinking things though.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 11:58:27 am
Which of the following would not be an organic cause of forgetting?
A. disease
B. head injury
C. psychological trauma
D. old age

I'd go with C.
why cant it be d?
because the reduced memory ability of older aged people is usually due to physiological (organic) causes

ah that make sense, thankyou

LOL what?
Id go with D.
Truama can cause "brain damage" If its extreme.
Old age isnt physiological brain damage.

Hmmm i think im just stressed and over thinking things though.
it's deterioration..
slowing of the cns, reduced activation of the frontal lobes, those are physiological..
it's true psychological trauma can cause damage, but it's not arising from an organic/physiological cause.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 12:55:35 pm
So i just did 2006 exam, i fked up the SAs so bad i wanna go jump off the west gate now :(

can you abbreviate terms in SAs?? like just write LTM,STM,UCS,CS,NS,CR,UCR instead of writing them in full??

also do examiners get annoyed and mark you down if you write more/past the lines??? because they get paid on a fixed ratio rate so, more reading = less money
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 03, 2010, 01:40:56 pm
So i just did 2006 exam, i fked up the SAs so bad i wanna go jump off the west gate now :(

can you abbreviate terms in SAs?? like just write LTM,STM,UCS,CS,NS,CR,UCR instead of writing them in full??

also do examiners get annoyed and mark you down if you write more/past the lines??? because they get paid on a fixed ratio rate so, more reading = less money
You need to write the full term i.e. long-term memory then you put the abbreviation in brackets beside it (LTM), then after that you can use the abbreviation. Or at the top of the page you can write the abbreviations. That's what the chief assessor said at the lecture. So it is important unfortunately :(

They don't mind if you go over the lines, as long as you answer the question and don't contradict yourself. Don't worry about it.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: akira88 on November 03, 2010, 01:46:03 pm
So i just did 2006 exam, i fked up the SAs so bad i wanna go jump off the west gate now :(

can you abbreviate terms in SAs?? like just write LTM,STM,UCS,CS,NS,CR,UCR instead of writing them in full??

also do examiners get annoyed and mark you down if you write more/past the lines??? because they get paid on a fixed ratio rate so, more reading = less money
As long as you define what they are first, but most likely those abbreviations wouldn't be a problem. Making up abbreviations that aren't widely used- for example, DT for decay theory- wouldn't be a smart idea...
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 01:59:47 pm
ucs ns cs cr ucr are alright i think,
besides that though yeah, write the full term with abbreviations in brackets next to it, then you can abbreviate if you use the word again
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 02:09:38 pm
So i just did 2006 exam, i fked up the SAs so bad i wanna go jump off the west gate now :(

can you abbreviate terms in SAs?? like just write LTM,STM,UCS,CS,NS,CR,UCR instead of writing them in full??

also do examiners get annoyed and mark you down if you write more/past the lines??? because they get paid on a fixed ratio rate so, more reading = less money
if you abbreviate, write somewhere what you mean by your abbreviations
e.g. UCS= unconditioned stimulus.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: extcar on November 03, 2010, 02:24:52 pm
HEY GUYS
IARTV 2008 exam
q35) Every time Billy feeds the cat his mother gives him a chocolate. The desired behaviour is ______ and the reinforcement is _____.
a) getting chocolate; negative
b) regularly feeding the cat; negative
c) getting chocolate; positive
d) regularly feeding the cat ;postive

the answer says its b, but i dont see how it's negative reinforcement??
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 02:26:21 pm
HEY GUYS
IARTV 2008 exam
q35) Every time Billy feeds the cat his mother gives him a chocolate. The desired behaviour is ______ and the reinforcement is _____.
a) getting chocolate; negative
b) regularly feeding the cat; negative
c) getting chocolate; positive
d) regularly feeding the cat ;postive

the answer says its b, but i dont see how it's negative reinforcement??
their answer is wrong, you are right if you chose D.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 03:06:19 pm
I'd like opinions on if my answer would suffice if this was a VCAA question
Be harsh and critical :)

Insight 2010
Explain how a teacher threatening to give a student detention for not doing homework can be viewed as negative reinforcement. (left off the punishment coz it was much easier)

Negative reinforcement has the effect of strengthening behaviour, which in this case, the behaviour could be the teacher threatening students. If after the student has been threatened they proceed to complete their homework, the unpleasant stimulus/situation has been removed (the unpleasant situation being the student not doing homework).
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 03:54:52 pm
I'd like opinions on if my answer would suffice if this was a VCAA question
Be harsh and critical :)

Insight 2010
Explain how a teacher threatening to give a student detention for not doing homework can be viewed as negative reinforcement. (left off the punishment coz it was much easier)

Negative reinforcement has the effect of strengthening behavior, which in this case, the behavior could be the teacher threatening students. If after the student has been threatened they proceed to complete their homework, the unpleasant stimulus/situation has been removed (the unpleasant situation being the student not doing homework).
that's completely different to how i answered it yet...i'd also say definitely correct (correct terminology and it makes sense, it's all you need really aha).

i said that the behavior was actually doing the homework instead of not performing the behavior and receiving a detention. Thus if the homework was completed (desired behavior) the negative stimulus of the detention was removed, then strengthening the desired behavior of doing homework.

what did the answers say? i'd say both are correct...
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 03:56:06 pm
I'd like opinions on if my answer would suffice if this was a VCAA question
Be harsh and critical :)

Insight 2010
Explain how a teacher threatening to give a student detention for not doing homework can be viewed as negative reinforcement. (left off the punishment coz it was much easier)

Negative reinforcement has the effect of strengthening behaviour, which in this case, the behaviour could be the teacher threatening students. If after the student has been threatened they proceed to complete their homework, the unpleasant stimulus/situation has been removed (the unpleasant situation being the student not doing homework).
that's confusing to be honest.
you have the right idea, but the negative stimulus that is being removed is the teachers threats, which increases the likelihood of the student repeating the behaviour (doing hw)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 04:12:00 pm
I found the answers unclear and I showed my psych teacher and she thought their answers were quite confusing and unclear.
I think both ways of approaching it would be okay as (I think) there's been a sort of similar VCAA one

I thought it was confusing. I wrote one answer and showed my teacher and she said it was very convoluted and confusing so I tried to fix it, yet found it was still messy.
I thought it could have also been the other way around? Similar to a VCAA one (can't remember what year ahh!) where the parent was being negatively reinforced by the removal of the child/noise/etc - and for this example the teacher is the parent

Does that make sense =/ I find short answer for learning to be my worst at expressing myself clearly
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: extcar on November 03, 2010, 04:13:58 pm
 Sean's grandfather can recall 20 July 1969 because it is when neil armstrong first set foot on the moon's surface. This is an example of ___ memory.
A) declarative
B) procedural
C) semantic
D) episodic

answer says semantic, but i thought a specific event is episodic? or is it cos its specialised knowledge? :S
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 03, 2010, 04:20:40 pm
Sean's grandfather can recall 20 July 1969 because it is when neil armstrong first set foot on the moon's surface. This is an example of ___ memory.
A) declarative
B) procedural
C) semantic
D) episodic

answer says semantic, but i thought a specific event is episodic? or is it cos its specialised knowledge? :S
I think it depends, if the grandfather has a personal memory about the moonlanding it's episodic
if he just remembers the date and astronaut, in a factual way, then it's semantic..
this question was unclear about which it was.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 04:35:56 pm
Sean's grandfather can recall 20 July 1969 because it is when neil armstrong first set foot on the moon's surface. This is an example of ___ memory.
A) declarative
B) procedural
C) semantic
D) episodic

answer says semantic, but i thought a specific event is episodic? or is it cos its specialised knowledge? :S
on first reading I thought semantic, as it's general knowledge about the world
but it is quite ambiguous. VCAA won't be that cruel (hopefully)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 04:56:07 pm
TSSM 2010 SA Q4
"Archer is participating in a study on memory. In the first trial, he is shown fifteen
different items and is then required to recall the items in the same order they are
presented. In the second trial he is shown another set of fifteen items but then required to
complete a distracter task for 30 seconds before attempting to recall the fifteen items in
order.  
On the graph below, sketch the serial position effect curves that Archer would be
expected to show. Clearly label one curve ‘trial 1’ and the other curve ‘trial 2’."

Suggested solution is below
I thought for serial position effect, if it's serial recall (in the same order) the graph at the end doesn't come back up, as in there isn't a recency effect? So for trial 1, the curve wouldn't come back up. That's what I have written in notes from an Access revision lecture..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Slumdawg on November 03, 2010, 05:00:15 pm
TSSM 2010 SA Q4
"Archer is participating in a study on memory. In the first trial, he is shown fifteen
different items and is then required to recall the items in the same order they are
presented. In the second trial he is shown another set of fifteen items but then required to
complete a distracter task for 30 seconds before attempting to recall the fifteen items in
order. 
On the graph below, sketch the serial position effect curves that Archer would be
expected to show. Clearly label one curve ‘trial 1’ and the other curve ‘trial 2’."

Suggested solution is below
I thought for serial position effect, if it's serial recall (in the same order) the graph at the end doesn't come back up, as in there isn't a recency effect? So for trial 1, the curve wouldn't come back up. That's what I have written in notes from an Access revision lecture..
Both wouldn't have the recency effect, you're right. A delay of more than 20 seconds and serial recall both eliminate the recency effect.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 05:02:49 pm
the whole point of serial position effect is that it has to be in serial order, so the items at the end of the list are remembered better as they're still in short term memory :)
think the notes must be a bit off :/

trial 2 it doesn't come back up as the delay results in the items at the end of the list not being in STM anymore as the limit is ~20 seconds


ok wait.
now i'm a little confused myself.
time to check notes properly...
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 05:04:57 pm
Forgot to attach their suggested solutions, they're attached now

Yeah I understood why trial 2 didn't come back up
I still think trial 1 wouldn't come back up? The 'serial' in serial position effect refers more to the position of information in a list I thought, not that recall is in serial order..
Yeah it confused me too don't worry. I think maybe company exams with mistakes are more detrimental than helpful as they make me doubt what I know..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 05:08:38 pm
Also, would you say matched participants design is an experimental design that can overcome the disadvantages of independent groups? Their answers have only included repeated measures.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: extcar on November 03, 2010, 05:09:59 pm
Yeah i reckon so. i think it was also in one of the answers for a trial exam. NEAP 2008?? i think
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 05:38:35 pm
yeah definitely, matched-participant overcomes all errors of both other experimental designs, the only neg point is it costs time and money.

OK, one thing i'm definitely struggling with:
what are the key points for working memory?
like, the MAIN roles of the central executive and the BEST definitions for the roles of the visuospatial sketchpad and phonological loop.

i know them generally but having trouble being specific and concise with them...
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 05:47:22 pm
I'd say the main role of the central executive is integrating information from the visuospatial sketchpad & phonological loop, however you have to have a few other roles up your sleeve as well. I don't think you need many so just go through your notes and figure out which ones you remember best. For instance I remember that it assists in weighing up the pros and cons when making decisions, and.... well maybe that's all I know. *prays they don't ask for 3 functions*

visuo & phono... something along the lines of working on visual and spatial info/auditory info
I'm not as clear on expressing them
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: ohyeah on November 03, 2010, 06:26:18 pm
I'd say the main role of the central executive is integrating information from the visuospatial sketchpad & phonological loop, however you have to have a few other roles up your sleeve as well. I don't think you need many so just go through your notes and figure out which ones you remember best. For instance I remember that it assists in weighing up the pros and cons when making decisions, and.... well maybe that's all I know. *prays they don't ask for 3 functions*

visuo & phono... something along the lines of working on visual and spatial info/auditory info
I'm not as clear on expressing them
This and also to decide which information gets transferred to LTM and which gets ignored and hence lost from memory. Might be good to add that it also "works on" information retrieved from LTM when we bring it consciously to mind.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 08:18:17 pm
Having problems with vcaa 2008 research methods...

A researcher asked all the fi rst year Psychology students (100 males and 100 females) from Kookaburra
University to participate in a study. Students were offered extra marks in their Psychology fi nal score if they
agreed to participate.
Of the 200 students, 40 volunteered for the study (20 males and 20 females). The researcher wanted to investigate
whether the memories of fi rst year Psychology students at Kookaburra University were increased by sugar
intake.
Prior to the study, informed consent was given and all participants were asked to memorise a list of 20 words
(List A). They were then tested on their recall of the words.
The researcher then divided the participants into two groups. For convenience she put the 20 female volunteers
into one group (Group 1 – sugar group) and the 20 male volunteers into another group (Group 2 – no sugar
group).
Group 1 (sugar group) was given a drink containing sugar. Group 2 (no sugar group) was given a drink that
did not contain sugar.
All participants were asked to memorise a different list of 20 words (List B). They were tested again on their
recall of the words.
The mean difference in the recall of words across the two lists was calculated. The results are presented in the
table below.

Question 15.Were the participants in this study randomly selected? Explain your answer.

i wrote yes as the entire population were given the opportunity to participate...even though only some chose to. the actual answer is

"No. The students were 40 volunteers from the population. This biased the sample towards those who were willing to
take part"

WTH??? any participants are volunteers...or else it would breach voluntary participation

Question 22: What ethical standard or consideration was breached by the researcher? Explain how it was breached.

I said Debriefing however the answers were:

"Professional conduct or voluntary participation. The participants were coerced into taking part by being given extra
marks for their participation."

What do you mean coerced!!??? Many participants these days are paid to participate in research but that does make it unethical... besides we already established that participants were VOLUNTEERS....so what matters if they were given a reward..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 08:24:42 pm
they were coerced as they were offered extra marks in their final score
whenever you see that it's a breach of voluntary participation as they are pressured into taking part

and basically nearly every vcaa one will not actually be randomly selected, you can basically always pick out some minute way that it's not :)
whenever it's "the first .... volunteers" it's not representative of the population, as people who choose to volunteer might share some characteristic that people who don't volunteer don't have

that's how i'd see it
hope this helps :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 08:32:31 pm
Having problems with vcaa 2008 research methods...

A researcher asked all the fi rst year Psychology students (100 males and 100 females) from Kookaburra
University to participate in a study. Students were offered extra marks in their Psychology fi nal score if they
agreed to participate.
Of the 200 students, 40 volunteered for the study (20 males and 20 females). The researcher wanted to investigate
whether the memories of fi rst year Psychology students at Kookaburra University were increased by sugar
intake.
Prior to the study, informed consent was given and all participants were asked to memorise a list of 20 words
(List A). They were then tested on their recall of the words.
The researcher then divided the participants into two groups. For convenience she put the 20 female volunteers
into one group (Group 1 – sugar group) and the 20 male volunteers into another group (Group 2 – no sugar
group).
Group 1 (sugar group) was given a drink containing sugar. Group 2 (no sugar group) was given a drink that
did not contain sugar.
All participants were asked to memorise a different list of 20 words (List B). They were tested again on their
recall of the words.
The mean difference in the recall of words across the two lists was calculated. The results are presented in the
table below.

Question 15.Were the participants in this study randomly selected? Explain your answer.

i wrote yes as the entire population were given the opportunity to participate...even though only some chose to. the actual answer is

"No. The students were 40 volunteers from the population. This biased the sample towards those who were willing to
take part"

WTH??? any participants are volunteers...or else it would breach voluntary participation

Question 22: What ethical standard or consideration was breached by the researcher? Explain how it was breached.

I said Debriefing however the answers were:

"Professional conduct or voluntary participation. The participants were coerced into taking part by being given extra
marks for their participation."

What do you mean coerced!!??? Many participants these days are paid to participate in research but that does make it unethical... besides we already established that participants were VOLUNTEERS....so what matters if they were given a reward..

for 15 look at this http://vcenotes.com/forum/index.php/topic,32326.0.html

for 22 in Australia you cannot be paid or coerced for psychological research. i think in america it may be different but for australia it's strictly voluntary participation.
YET in reference top 15 again,
the way for it to be perfectly random is for everyone in the population to be contacted and asked ie. by letter. aslong as they are not then coerced in any way with a reward or by a person with power over them it is still voluntary participation :)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 08:38:18 pm
for Q22. isnt Debriefing a correct answer too??

also their answer saying participants were "coerced" inst really right..

Coerce: Persuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats

the participants weren't unwillingly nor any threats/force used, only a reward..
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 08:45:09 pm
well, other definitions include 'by force or authority'
if the person holds authority over the sample, ie. a teacher over a student, then it can't be voluntary participation.
that's a big one they do with prac exams you may have noticed, always be suss if you see something about a teacher at uni or high school using their students.

and you could list many BUT always look for the one that is referred to in the question. big thing with research methods is having every question relate to/ specific to the scenario. yes, they didn't mention debriefing BUT they did mention that he DIDN'T keep to voluntary participation so that's the one to go for.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Cianyx on November 03, 2010, 09:10:33 pm
In terms of the consolidation theory, explain why Mark is able to remember details of the accident in six weeks time.


The answer is irrelevant. What I need to know, is whether I need to define consolidation theory before explaining why he is able to remember. In the answers a mark was rewarded for the definition despite it not being said in the answer. Halp
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 09:16:41 pm
Yes you do need to state a basic definition...'

and yes i know vcaa psych exams are quiet ambiguous :(

Do i need to state the DV and DV operationalised separately in the operational hypothesis??
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 09:26:28 pm
no. though vcaa examination reports are vague, you just have to have the DV OPERATIONALISED. ie. in the exam i'm doing right now. "monkeys who always recieve food under the circular dish will make more correct guesses of where their food is than monkeys whose food is presented under a different shaped dish each trial"

you don't need the vague sweeping DV as well.

*trusting my psych teacher who is an examiner :-)

Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Cianyx on November 03, 2010, 09:30:38 pm
Thanks dudes
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 09:30:43 pm
always go with define then apply.
so "consolidation theory suggests that blahblahblah which indicates that mark blahblahblah"
:)
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 09:32:01 pm
i know its stupid question..

do i need to take HB or 2B pencil to the exam?? :P
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 09:37:20 pm
there are advantages and disadvantages of both:
HB: easy to rub out, but too light
2B: easy to read as not too light, but harder to rub out

you're gonna have to make an educated guess on that one :P

but you reminded me to bring a pencil. shit. good.
i don't know what type my pacer is, but it's a special uniball one i got from an airport once that cost me $10 and it's so smooth and has a nice grip.. will make filling in my multiple choice sheet feel wonderful.

jebuz psychology has driven me insane i think i need to go to bed
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 09:39:48 pm
hahah thx...

anyone else like me stopped studying for the day??
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: masonnnn on November 03, 2010, 10:05:44 pm
yeah. watching house then sleep. lovin' it.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 10:07:29 pm
i feel excitedd!!
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 10:14:39 pm
yep, i'm on VN despite last minute research methods study being in front of me begging me to look at it
i just looked at the graph of the forgetting curve i have above my desk, am listening to some calming city and colour, am going to go have a cup of tea and then go to bed.
it's gonna be sad to be finished psych. i felt the same way after english. definitely not after maths though.
good luck all :D
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: jinny1 on November 03, 2010, 10:25:06 pm
what shud i do on the morning ride to school??? and that 10minutes b4 exam time
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: xoxogossipgirl on November 03, 2010, 10:26:35 pm
not study psych, and not go near anyone studying or freaking out.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: Visionz on November 03, 2010, 11:30:47 pm
what shud i do on the morning ride to school??? and that 10minutes b4 exam time

ill be listening to my ipod and taking a poo.
Title: Re: The Psychological Question Thread.
Post by: sillysmile on November 04, 2010, 02:18:27 pm
what shud i do on the morning ride to school??? and that 10minutes b4 exam time

ill be listening to my ipod and taking a poo.
did this work? maybe we should all try this as a technique.