English has 11 "base" colour terms: black, white, grey, brown, red, blue, yellow, green, orange, purple and pink.
Some languages have many more than this; others many fewer. I find it absolutely fascinating that, ultimately, the ways in which we perceive the world are fundamentally constricted by our available language(s).
For example, Italian (please correct me if I'm wrong, here) has a clear distinction between blu and azzurro, both of which we'd consider "blue". Other languages have no distinction between what we'd consider blue and green at all.
Fascinating!
P.S. In general, languages also tend to acquire colours (or types of colours) in a consistent order. You can read more about it
here.