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March 29, 2024, 12:02:47 am

Author Topic: Scientific Method: Summary Notes  (Read 3178 times)

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caffinatedloz

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Scientific Method: Summary Notes
« on: December 10, 2019, 09:45:39 pm »
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Scientific Method
A systematic approach for planning, conducting and reporting research which involves collecting empirical evidence.

Empirical Evidence
Data collected directly from observation and experimentation.

Experiments
Experiments are used to test the cause and effect relationship between two or more variables under controlled conditions.

Variables
Variables are any factor that can change or vary an experiment.

Independent Variable
Systematically manipulated in order to assess its effects on the participants' responses.

Dependent Variable
Shows the effects of the IV; measured as the results of the experiment.

Extraneous Variables
Anything else that could possibly affect the outcome of an experiment. They should be controlled by making them the same in each experiment.

Control and Experimental Conditions
The two levels of an IV are the control and experimental groups. In experimental conditions the IV is present while in control conditions it is absent.

Sample and Populations
In order for the results of an experiment to be usefully applied to the population of interest, the sample must be of a reasonable number and represent the main characteristics of the population of interest.

Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.

Conclusion
If the experiment is designed well and significant difference is found between the groups it csn be said that the results support the hypothesis.