2011 VN'ers Psychology U3 Questions Thread

[REBORN]

The aphasia affects gestures and writing as well as speech, so sufferers have great trouble communicating.

It is characterized by the loss of the ability to produce language (spoken or written)

....

Doubt I'd be marked wrong but yeah they're not explicitly mentioned in the book.

[ReganM]

So damag

I do believe zafaraaaa is correct. Why? Because the Broca's area has a role in 'understanding' the grammatical structure of language, it doesn't explicitly state that Broca's area affects ones ability to write grammatically correct sentences. You cannot just infer about something that has been stated in the book, just do not include this in an answer, state only that Broca's area MAY cause a problem in the construction of grammatically correct sentences as it has a role in understanding the grammatical structure of language. Never say does.

But to write a grammatically correct sentence you have to understand the grammar..??

[Zafaraaaa]

Can someone pleaseeeee explain the "Results" table for the research investigation in the 2011 psych sample questions??
I don't understand why they've mentioned 2 sets of P values (the one in the table and the p values in bold under the table)

Thanks

[Darren]

basically zafara; the difference p-values just shows the degree to which the independent variable caused the difference. say for example; A's results compared with C's is very low in p-value; meaning that you can assume that the change in the independent variable caused influencing results; as opposed to chance

[Camo]

Any examples of counterbalancing?

[Zafaraaaa]

Any examples of counterbalancing?

Like in a repeated measures design, where the experiment is testing for whether consumption of energy drinks cause hyperactivity.. instead of each participant going through both the standard experimental then control condition in the normal order (that is, first having Red Bull then having a placebo)... Half the participants would first have Red Bull (experimental condition) and then have placebo; whereas the other half of participants would first have placebo and THEN Red Bull.

So they'd be doing the conditions in a different order, thereby reducing "order effects" - the influence of practice/boredom/fatigue that was gained from doing the previous condition - and therefore we could better assume that this extraneous variable did not influence the results

[diem]

In order to pass from short-term memory to long-term memory, does the information have to be "meaningful" or "encoded"? :S

[Darren]

it doesn't have to be meaningful; it just needs to be encoded; but according to 'levels of processing theory' if you encode with semantic meaning; it'll more likely be retained in LTM for longer than shallow processing.

[Anon123]

Guys, body temperature during sleep
so it decreases gradually from NREM 1 to stage 4 sleep, yes?
In REM is it at its lowest (no longer regulated and continues to decrease, suggested answer from teacher), or does it increase (seems to make sense when other things like heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure)

[Darren]

I heard it slightly increased but I'm not really sure? someone help?

[diem]

I heard it slightly increased but I'm not really sure? someone help?

I suppose if a person is dreaming during REM sleep and that dream arouses them in a way, they their body temperature could increase... but in saying that, when a person is in REM sleep body temperature stops regulating, therefore they do not shiver or feel cold. Also, body temperature depends on the room/environmental temperature.


Someone who has done the STAV 2011 exam paper, I'm stuck on the ER Q1.

'If you are trying to commit something to memory, take a nap.'
Discuss the above statement.
Your response should include

• A description of two different types of sleep
• An outline of the different types of information that may need to be memorised
• A discussion of the ways in which sleep facilitates the formation of different types of memory
• Research and/or anecdotal evidence supporting your ideas

My response was:

-NREM sleep consists of four stages (1-4) describing the period of sleep when there are no or minimal eye movement, and is known to vary from alpha, theta to delta brain waves depending on the stage of NREM.
-REM sleep is the period of sleep when there are intense eye movement, and is known to have beta-like brain waves as measured by the electroencephalograph. It is the period of sleep where most dreams occur.
-There are two different types of information that may need to be memorised: they are the declarative memory and the procedural memory. Declarative memory is divided to two categories: episodic memory (which is the autobiographical memory of a person) and semantic memory (which is information of general, world knowledge).
-Procedural memory are memories of 'knowing how' to perform a task, such as knowing how to tie your shoelace. They are also referred to as implicit memories because a person is able to use the memory without bringing it consciously to mind.

I'm not sure what else to add, and I am stuck on the last two dot points. Please help =]

[Camo]

I heard it slightly increased but I'm not really sure? someone help?

I suppose if a person is dreaming during REM sleep and that dream arouses them in a way, they their body temperature could increase... but in saying that, when a person is in REM sleep body temperature stops regulating, therefore they do not shiver or feel cold. Also, body temperature depends on the room/environmental temperature.


Someone who has done the STAV 2011 exam paper, I'm stuck on the ER Q1.

'If you are trying to commit something to memory, take a nap.'
Discuss the above statement.
Your response should include

• A description of two different types of sleep
• An outline of the different types of information that may need to be memorised
• A discussion of the ways in which sleep facilitates the formation of different types of memory
• Research and/or anecdotal evidence supporting your ideas

My response was:

-NREM sleep consists of four stages (1-4) describing the period of sleep when there are no or minimal eye movement, and is known to vary from alpha, theta to delta brain waves depending on the stage of NREM.
-REM sleep is the period of sleep when there are intense eye movement, and is known to have beta-like brain waves as measured by the electroencephalograph. It is the period of sleep where most dreams occur.
-There are two different types of information that may need to be memorised: they are the declarative memory and the procedural memory. Declarative memory is divided to two categories: episodic memory (which is the autobiographical memory of a person) and semantic memory (which is information of general, world knowledge).
-Procedural memory are memories of 'knowing how' to perform a task, such as knowing how to tie your shoelace. They are also referred to as implicit memories because a person is able to use the memory without bringing it consciously to mind.

I'm not sure what else to add, and I am stuck on the last two dot points. Please help =]

Add the topic of sleeps use for consolidation and I think your got everything covered.

[alypew]

I heard it slightly increased but I'm not really sure? someone help?

I suppose if a person is dreaming during REM sleep and that dream arouses them in a way, they their body temperature could increase... but in saying that, when a person is in REM sleep body temperature stops regulating, therefore they do not shiver or feel cold. Also, body temperature depends on the room/environmental temperature.


Someone who has done the STAV 2011 exam paper, I'm stuck on the ER Q1.

'If you are trying to commit something to memory, take a nap.'
Discuss the above statement.
Your response should include

• A description of two different types of sleep
• An outline of the different types of information that may need to be memorised
• A discussion of the ways in which sleep facilitates the formation of different types of memory
• Research and/or anecdotal evidence supporting your ideas

My response was:

-NREM sleep consists of four stages (1-4) describing the period of sleep when there are no or minimal eye movement, and is known to vary from alpha, theta to delta brain waves depending on the stage of NREM.
-REM sleep is the period of sleep when there are intense eye movement, and is known to have beta-like brain waves as measured by the electroencephalograph. It is the period of sleep where most dreams occur.
-There are two different types of information that may need to be memorised: they are the declarative memory and the procedural memory. Declarative memory is divided to two categories: episodic memory (which is the autobiographical memory of a person) and semantic memory (which is information of general, world knowledge).
-Procedural memory are memories of 'knowing how' to perform a task, such as knowing how to tie your shoelace. They are also referred to as implicit memories because a person is able to use the memory without bringing it consciously to mind.

I'm not sure what else to add, and I am stuck on the last two dot points. Please help =]

My teacher told us that REM sleep was for the consolidation of procedural memories, and NREM was for the consolidation of declarative memories, so you could probably add that.

[hotdog169]

Two questions, first what is a cognitive process that spatial neglect patients may have trouble doing? i assumed cause its damage to parietal lobe maybe catching a ball as it invovles spatial reasoning. 2nd question what are psychological characteristics that can distinguish daydreaming from NWS?
edit: also need to know why is there a difference in psychological characteristics for a person mediating and alcohol influenced?

[Zafaraaaa]

Two questions, first what is a cognitive process that spatial neglect patients may have trouble doing? i assumed cause its damage to parietal lobe maybe catching a ball as it invovles spatial reasoning. 2nd question what are psychological characteristics that can distinguish daydreaming from NWS?
edit: also need to know why is there a difference in psychological characteristics for a person mediating and alcohol influenced?

Spatial neglect patients may have trouble drawing a complete image (because they might only draw one side) or they might have difficulty reading a book(because they ignore one side of the page).
Daydreaming can be distinguished from Normal Waking Consciousness because daydreaming is an ASC where you shift your focus from external stimuli to internal thoughts and feelings. Because of this, daydreaming can be distinguished by a disturbed sense of time, distortions in perception and cognition (because you are not paying attention to the outside world as much).
The psychological characteristics for a person meditating is different than that of someone who is alcohol induced because meditation involves putting all your focus onto ONE stimuli, while ignoring other stimuli. In an Alcohol induced state it is extremely difficult to focus all your attention on one thing, and usually divided attention is more commonly seen in an alcohol induced state. Also, in Meditation, you gain a sense of self control and you can use that self control to alleviate pain and stress. Meditation involves a relaxation technique so ultimately, it won't really cause hallucinations in perception like the psycho-active properties of alcohol bring about